Paleoclimatic estimation reveals a weak winter monsoon in southwestern China during the late Miocene: Evidence from plant macrofossils

Xing, Yao‐Wu; Utescher, Torsten; Jacques, Frédéric M.B.; Su, Tao; Liu, Yusheng; Huang, Yong‐Jiang; Zhou, Zhe‐Kun

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.07.011

Cited by 90 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Their survival may benefit from episodes uplift of the SEMTP, which isolated the hominoids geographically and ecologically (Harrison et al, 2002;Ji et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2005). It could therefore be inferred that southeastern Asia was an important refugium for hominoids, which may be favored by the low paleoelevation (Hoke et al, 2014;Jacques et al, 2014), and warm and humid climate during this period (Biasatti et al, 2012;Jacques et al, 2011;Su et al, 2013a,b;Xia et al, 2009;Xing et al, 2012).…”

Section: Age Constraints Of the Xiaolongtan Formation And Associated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetostratigraphy of the Xiaolongtan Formation bearing Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis in Yunnan, southwestern China: Constraint on the initiation time of the southern segment of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault

Deng

Dong

et al. 2015

Tectonophysics

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The late Cenozoic extensional basins in Yunnan Province (southwestern China), which are kinematically linked with the regional strike-slip faults, can provide meaningful constraints on the fault activity history and tectonic evolution of the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau (SEMTP), and further on the geodynamic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. However, this has been severely impeded by the lack of precise age constraints on the timing of fault activity. To better constrain the timing of fault activity and the tectonic rotation of SEMTP, we undertook a high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study on the Xiaolongtan Formation in the Xiaolongtan Basin, which is located at the southern tip of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault and is well-known by the presence of hominoid Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis. Rock magnetic experiments indicate that magnetite is the main remanence carrier. Correlation to the geomagnetic polarity timescale was achieved by combining magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic data. Our correlation suggests that the Xiaolongtan Formation sedimentary sequence spans from Chron C5Ar.1r to Chron C5n.2n, which indicates that the age of the Xiaolongtan Formation ranges from 10 Ma to 12.7 Ma, and that the ages of the two sedimentary layers possibly bearing the hominoid L. keiyuanensis are~11.6 Ma or~12.5 Ma. The basal age of the sediments is 12.7 Ma, which indicates that the activation of the southern Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault was initiated at this time. The overall mean paleomagnetic direction (D = 353.2°, I = 34.2°, α 95 = 2.1°, n = 166) documents a counter-clockwise vertical axis rotation of −8 ± 3°with respect to Eurasia, which is the response to the activity of the left-lateral Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault.

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Section: Age Constraints Of the Xiaolongtan Formation And Associated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetostratigraphy of the Xiaolongtan Formation bearing Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis in Yunnan, southwestern China: Constraint on the initiation time of the southern segment of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault

Deng

Dong

et al. 2015

Tectonophysics

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“…In Yunnan (southwest China), the evolution of the Miocene climate has been extensively investigated using different floral proxies, such as pollen [11,12] and plant mega-fossils [13][14][15][16][17], indicating that Yunnan was already under a monsoonal climate in the Miocene [11,14]. We have previously reported palynological results from a 400 m-thick sedimentary succession in Wenshan, southeast Yunnan, to reveal how the vegetation dynamics responded to a monsoonal climate [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake geochemistry reveals marked environmental change in Southwest China during the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum

Lebreton-Anberrée

et al. 2016

Science Bulletin

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The Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO; *15-17 Ma) was one of the short-term climatic warm events that punctuated the Cenozoic long-term cooling trend. Because there are very few terrestrial records of this event, most of our understanding comes from marine cores. In this report, we first present new palaeomagnetic data that revises the dating of our 400 m-thick lacustrine section in Wenshan (Yunnan), previously thought to be Late Miocene. These new data suggest an older age, ca. 15.2-16.5 Ma, coinciding with the MMCO. We measured d 13 C on bulk organic matter (d 13 C org ), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and C/N ratios at a high sample resolution to: (1) reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental changes in the lake catchment area, and (2) infer mechanisms responsible for these changes. Our results show that all four geochemical parameters demonstrate that a strong environmental change occurred around the middle of the section, shortly after the C5Cn/C5Br geomagnetic reversal and the Early/Middle Miocene boundary at 15.97 Ma. We propose that the environmental shift may be due to a combination of a change in climate, which became cooler, together with a change in organic matter cycling within the lake. This study provides a new insight into the MMCO and demonstrates that although the MMCO was generally a warm event, it was also a time of climatic instability and abrupt environmental changes.Keywords Yunnan Á Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum Á Bulk organic carbon isotopes (d 13 C org ) Á C/N ratio Á TOC Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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“…The main reasons are related to the global cooling in the Neogene (Tanai, 1967;Wolfe, 1978;Tiffney and Manchester, 2001;Zachos et al, 2001;Mosbrugger et al, 2005), and in particular the intensification of the East Asian monsoon climate with the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) (Quade et al, 1989;Harrison et al, 1992;Molnar et al, 1993;Harrison et al, 1995;Li, 1999;An et al, 2001;Liu and Yin, 2002;Mulch and Chamberlain, 2006;Jacques et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012). In southeastern Yunnan today, a subtropical monsoon climate (seasonally humid and dry, as demonstrated by Jacques et al (2011) and Xing et al (2012)) prevails, with mean annual temperatures from 17.0°C and 19.3°C, January temperature (lowest) from 6.3°C to 14.7°C, July temperature (highest) from 18.9°C to 26.1°C, and annual precipitation varying between 759 and 1172.3 mm, mean January precipitation is 19.5 mm, mean July precipitation is 269.6 mm (YMB, 1983). Such a climate would no longer be suitable for Pinus massoniana var.…”

Section: Neogene Climate Cooling Led To the Southward Expansion Of Pimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and intensification of the Asian monsoon has led to the great changes of climate in southwestern China (Jacques et al, 2011;Xing et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2012), especially lower mean annual temperatures and lack of precipitation in winter and spring (YMB, 1983).…”

Section: Disappearance Of Pinus Massoniana From Sw China Is Related Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of Pinus massoniana Lambert (Pinaceae) from the upper Miocene of Yunnan, SW China and its implications for paleogeography and paleoclimate

Zhang

D'Rozario²,

Adams

et al. 2015

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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Paleoclimatic estimation reveals a weak winter monsoon in southwestern China during the late Miocene: Evidence from plant macrofossils

Cited by 90 publications

References 67 publications

Magnetostratigraphy of the Xiaolongtan Formation bearing Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis in Yunnan, southwestern China: Constraint on the initiation time of the southern segment of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault

Magnetostratigraphy of the Xiaolongtan Formation bearing Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis in Yunnan, southwestern China: Constraint on the initiation time of the southern segment of the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault

Lake geochemistry reveals marked environmental change in Southwest China during the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum

The occurrence of Pinus massoniana Lambert (Pinaceae) from the upper Miocene of Yunnan, SW China and its implications for paleogeography and paleoclimate

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