Paleoceanographic conditions following the end-Permian mass extinction recorded by giant ooids (Moyang, South China)

Rapid carbonate depositional changes following the Permian-Triassic mass extinction: Sedimentary evidence from South China

“…These environmental changes forced the vertebrates on land to migrate to high latitude areas and suppressed marine metazoans to habitation in minimal refuges (Piestch and Bottjer, 2014;. Associated with the mass extinction, oceanic depositional systems returned to conditions similar to Precambrian-Cambrian oceans, indicated by the global occurrence of unusual sediments, such as microbialites, stromatolites, giant ooids, sea floor fan precipitates and wrinkle structures (Li et al, 2013;Baud et al, 2007;Knoll et al, 2007;Pruss et al, 2006). This turnover has been interpreted as the sedimentary response to ecosystem changes, attributed to unusual seawater chemistry, perturbation of bioturbation and grazing pressures, and other changes in actualistic sedimentologic processes (Woods, 2014;Pruss et al, 2006).…”

Origin of ooids in ooidal‐muddy laminites: A case study of the lower Cambrian Qingxudong Formation in the Sichuan Basin, South China

“…Micritic ooids and peloids were homogeneous microcrystalline dark grains. Unsmooth dense microcrystalline coating was one of the main differences between oncoids and giant ooids (Han et al, ; Li, Yan, Algeo, & Wu, ; Shi & Chen, ).…”

Lower Triassic anachronistic facies capping the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau seamount: Implications for the extension of extraordinary oceanic conditions deep into the interior Tethys Ocean

“…In contrast, oolites are only found above the mass extinction boundary, mostly overlying the microbialites. Biostratigraphic data have shown that microbialites span the Permo-Triassic boundary, while oolites are undoubtedly Early Triassic Lehrmann et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013). Therefore, ooids with fusulinid nuclei in the study area are most likely Early Triassic in age, rather than Late Permian.…”

“…However, field investigations and thin section observations show fewer fossils but abundant ooids and oncoids that are clearly different from previously documented, highly fossiliferous Permian reef-associated limestones. In South China, oolitic and oncolitic limestones were widely developed on the Yangtze Platform during the Early Triassic following the endPermian mass extinction (Rong et al, 2010;Mei and Gao, 2012;Li et al, 2013). Therefore, the limestone block from Bayan Har should be Lower Triassic in age according to regional stratigraphic correlations and petrographic analysis.…”

“…However, these special carbonate deposits are frequently widespread in the aftermath of several major Phanerozoic mass extinctions (Sepkoski et al, 1991;Whalen et al, 2002;Sheehan and Harris, 2004), and are particularly well-known in the wake of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction (e.g., Pruss et al, 2005;Woods, 2009Woods, , 2013. Examples of anachronistic facies include thrombolites, stromatolites, unusually large ooids, flat pebble conglomerates, and vermicular limestones (e.g., Pruss et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2005;Baud et al, 2007;Kershaw et al, 2007;Mata and Bottjer, 2009;Li et al, 2013;Woods et al, 1999;Woods, 2013;Wu et al, 2014).…”