Paleobiogeography of Maastrichtian to early Eocene Ostracoda of North and West Africa and the Middle East

Elewa, Ashraf M. T.

doi:10.1661/0026-2803(2002)048[0391:pomtee]2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Recovery of oceanic productivity was argued to have been much slower in the oceans than on land (7). Neither deep-sea benthic foraminifera nor deep-sea benthic ostracodes, however, suffered significant extinction (8)(9)(10)(11), although these depend upon phytoplankton for their food (12) and should have suffered severe extinction if their food supply had been cut off for 10 5 to 10 6 years (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

End-Cretaceous marine mass extinction not caused by productivity collapse

Alegret

Thomas

Lohmann

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

150

146

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An asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous caused mass extinction, but extinction mechanisms are not well-understood. The collapse of sea surface to sea floor carbon isotope gradients has been interpreted as reflecting a global collapse of primary productivity (Strangelove Ocean) or export productivity (Living Ocean), which caused mass extinction higher in the marine food chain. Phytoplankton-dependent benthic foraminifera on the deep-sea floor, however, did not suffer significant extinction, suggesting that export productivity persisted at a level sufficient to support their populations. We compare benthic foraminiferal records with benthic and bulk stable carbon isotope records from the Pacific, Southeast Atlantic, and Southern Oceans. We conclude that end-Cretaceous decrease in export productivity was moderate, regional, and insufficient to explain marine mass extinction. A transient episode of surface ocean acidification may have been the main cause of extinction of calcifying plankton and ammonites, and recovery of productivity may have been as fast in the oceans as on land.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

End-Cretaceous marine mass extinction not caused by productivity collapse

Alegret

Thomas

Lohmann

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

150

146

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“…Cytherella species, which are abundant in the studied area, inhabit reduced oxygen water (Elewa, 2002). This assemblage comprises an overlapping combination of the Esna Type (EST) and Garra Type (GAT) indicating a middle shelf (middle infraneritic) environment (Bassiouni and Luger, 1990).…”

Section: Paleoenvironmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The change was mostly dependent on either the studied species tolerance of environmental change or lateral migration, rather than origination or extinction in the studied lineages (e.g. Elewa, 2002;Elewa and Morsi, 2004).…”

Section: Paleoenvironmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boukhary et al, 1982;Khalifa et al, 1984;Ismail, 1992Ismail, , 1996Elewa et al, 1999;Morsi, 1999Morsi, , 2000Bassiouni and Morsi, 2000;Shahin, 2000Shahin, , 2005Shahin and El-Nady, 2001;Elewa, 2002;El-Nady, 2002;Speijer and Morsi, 2002;Morsi and Speijer, 2003;Elewa and Morsi, 2004;Ied, 2004, 2005;Morsi et al, 2008). However, the Paleocene ostracods of the South Western Desert have received little attention (Bassiouni and Luger, 1990;Boukhary et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleoecology and paleobiogeography of Paleocene ostracods in Dineigil area, South Western Desert, Egypt

Youssef

Ismail

El‐Sorogy

2017

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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“…Keen et al (1994) attributed this dissimilarity to the bottom relief of the Tethys, which was a barrier to north-south migration of ostracods, whereas, the paleogeography of the Tethys margins facilitated their east-west migration. However, Elewa (2002b) stated that the migration of ostracods between north and west Africa occurred in both directions along the southern shores of Tethys as a result of sea level oscillation.…”

Section: Paleogeographic Distribution Of the Studied Ostracodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoecology and paleogeography of Eocene ostracod faunas from the Nile Valley between Minia and Maghagha, Upper Egypt

Elewa

Migration of Organisms

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Sixty-four ostracod species and morphs in 130 samples from five sections along the Nile Valley between Minia and Maghagha cities could define the paleoenvironmental conditions that prevailed during the Eocene in the study area. Cluster analysis based on the Jaccard coefficient of similarity (the paired group average method) led to the distinction of three biofacies of ostracod assemblages, each of them with its particular paleoenvironment. The Minia biofacies represents the early Eocene, and is characterized by deposition in an inner to outer shelf environment. The Maghagha biofacies is middle Eocene and represents a restricted shallow water environment, possibly with more or less reduced salinity. At the base of the sequence, these restricted conditions were accompanied by reduced, dissolved oxygen conditions. At the top, calm water conditions prevailed. The Qarara biofacies is also middle Eocene in age and was deposited in turbulent water conditions, gradually shallowing over time. On the other hand, the Samalut Formation, which was barren of microfossils, can be attributed, according to its lithological composition, to a particular type of facies representing a shallow marine environment. The ostracod species of the study area provide evidence of distinct migration of ostracods during the Paleogene along the southern shores of the Tethys.

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Paleobiogeography of Maastrichtian to early Eocene Ostracoda of North and West Africa and the Middle East

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

End-Cretaceous marine mass extinction not caused by productivity collapse

End-Cretaceous marine mass extinction not caused by productivity collapse

Paleoecology and paleobiogeography of Paleocene ostracods in Dineigil area, South Western Desert, Egypt

Paleoecology and paleogeography of Eocene ostracod faunas from the Nile Valley between Minia and Maghagha, Upper Egypt

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