Palatal erosion and oronasal fistulation following covered nasopharyngeal stent placement in two dogs

Abstract

Treatment options for dogs with nasopharyngeal stenosis include fluoroscopic placement of metallic stents. Reported complications include entrapment of hair and food, obstruction and persistent nasal discharge. Two toy breed dogs were examined for persistent nasal discharge and halitosis at 4 and 20 months after placement of permanent metallic stents for acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis. Full thickness defects were found in the palate of both dogs, with extensive communication between the mouth and the nasal passages. Portions of the metal stent were observed within the lesion in both patients. Additional treatment was declined by the owner of one dog; the stent was removed through the fistula in the other dog. Palatal erosion with secondary oronasal fistulation is a potential complication of nasopharyngeal stent placement in dogs.

An unusual case of rapidly forming severe oral lesions involving bacterial infection in a dog

“…Oronasal fi stula is an acquired communication between the oral and nasal cavities caused in dogs by trauma (e.g., bite wounds, blunt head trauma, gunshot wounds, electrical burns, foreign body penetration and pressure necrosis, including nasopharyngeal stents) [1], neoplasia, radiation necrosis, dental disease and dehiscence after surgical treatment [2], the latest possibly complicated by nasal aspergillosis [3]. In humans, certain chemicals/drugs [4] and rhinoliths [5] have also been described to cause oronasal fi stulae.…”

Treatment of canine nasopharyngeal stenosis using balloon‐expandable metallic stents: long‐term follow‐up of four cases

“…It is possible that SEMS may have reduced the need for repeat dilation in the reported cases although complications of palatal erosion and oronasal fistulation have been reported with SEMS, which may be a consequence of a more rigid stent structure (Cook et al . ).…”

“…Currently no studies have compared the use of SEMS to BEMS for the treatment of NPS, although the use of SEMS has been described (Berent 2015 ). It is possible that SEMS may have reduced the need for repeat dilation in the reported cases although complications of palatal erosion and oronasal fistulation have been reported with SEMS, which may be a consequence of a more rigid stent structure (Cook et al . 2013 ).…”

Use of a double-wire woven uncovered nitinol stent for the treatment of refractory tracheal collapse in a dog: a case report

“…Postoperative and respiratory systems in humans has recently described for the management of tracheal collapse, nasopharygeal stenosis, oesophageal stricture, colorectal stricture, ureteral stenosis and urethral stenosis in veterinary medicine (Cook et al 2013;Lam et al 2013;Hill et al 2014;Tinga et al 2015). The implantation of self-expandable metallic stents appears to be especially promising for intraluminal stabilisation of collapsed trachea in that it can facilitate an immediate improvement of clinical signs, requires only short anaesthetic time, is minimally invasive and allows access to the entire trachea (Beal 2013).…”