Palaeosols in Late Quaternary colluvium, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Botha, G.A.; Fédoroff, N.

doi:10.1016/0899-5362(95)00072-2

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The Masotcheni Formation includes fine clay, silty and sandy, poorly sorted, stratified colluvial sediments (Botha & Fedoroff, 1995;Lyons et al, 2013;Temme et al, 2008;Watson et al, 1984) (Figure 2(b)) generated by the erosion of weathered regolith and soils from upslope on the Drakensberg foothill interfluve ridges and deposited along their lower slopes (Botha et al, 2016). In many areas, the Masotcheni Formation is eroded by recently forming gullies, locally named 'dongas' (Lyons et al, 2013).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphology of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with emphasis on late Pleistocene colluvial deposits

et al. 2020

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We present a 1:50 000 scale geomorphological map of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, located in the foothills of the Drakensberg mountains in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The subhorizontal strata of the Permo-Triassic Beaufort Group forms plateau interfluves with a concave valley slope morphology. Locally, thick sequences of late Pleistocene colluvial deposits and associated buried paleosols (Masotcheni Formation) infill first-order tributary stream valleys and extend across the adjacent lower slopes. Surface runoff processes preferentially incise into the poorly consolidated, highly erodible sediments causing severe gully erosion that is responsible for widespread land degradation and desertification phenomena. The main purpose of this work is to derive a geomorphological map of the study area focussing on the erosional landforms to understand their spatial distribution and their relation to the colluvial deposits. Finally, a local and regional stratigraphic correlation of colluvial deposits and associated buried palaeosol profiles is proposed.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphology of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with emphasis on late Pleistocene colluvial deposits

et al. 2020

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“…2 fine-grained headwater valley fills pre-dating the Holocene are the exception rather than the rule; 3 the stratigraphical record appears fragmented and marked by depositional hiatuses; 4 although there is limited evidence of cyclical cut-and-fill, it does not occur on the scale recognised by Botha (1992) in the older colluvial fills under the more humid climatic regime to the east of the escarpment-however, there is evidence of cyclical accumulation, with localised cut-and-fill, and a single, dominant phase of late Holocene incision (see Boardman et al, 2003;Holmes, 2001) is apparent in virtually all the valley fills within the study area; 5 finally, the multitude of variables that control cyclical accumulation of valley fill sediments at the subregional scale imply caution when extrapolating to the Great Karoo as a whole, or, put differently, it would be ambitious to attempt a detailed regional palaeoenvironmental reconstruction based on geomorphological evidence from three or four profiles-although certain general inferences with respect to palaeoenvironmental change within upland headwater catchments can be made, and these are incorporated in the discussion below. Thomas et al (1997) have provided an overview of other chronologies in the southern part of the southern African summer rainfall zone (SRZ) against which they evaluate their findings with regard to late Pleistocene dune building in the southwestern Kalahari.…”

Section: Subregional Synthesis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological palaeoenvironments of the Sneeuberg Range, Great Karoo, South Africa

Holmes

Boardman

Parsons

et al. 2003

J Quaternary Science

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Sedimentary sequences within headwater valleys on the landward side of the Great Escarpment of South Africa are elucidated and their significance as indicators of environmental change is assessed. This study focuses on the Sneeuberg Range, the most prominent mountain range in the semi-arid central Great Karoo. Valley fills of a hitherto unrecognised complexity and of a greater age than any previously recorded in the central Great Karoo are reported. Three phases of deposition spanning the Late Pleistocene up to the present are documented from sites where gully erosion has incised the valley fills. The earliest depositional phase is represented by deeply weathered, calcretised gravel deposits, which probably were emplaced by debris flow and fluvial processes in the form of a fan. These deposits subsequently were buried by finer grained, largely unconsolidated sediment, with much of this emplacement occurring during the Holocene. There is evidence for phases of landscape stability and instability within this facies. Finally, sheetwash has removed fine-grained sediments from valley flanks and has deposited it either on valley bottoms, or in presently active gullies. This process appears to be ongoing, and is the subject of current investigation. The sedimentary deposits are interpreted as representing a wide range of palaeoenvironmental conditions that have prevailed within the central Great Karoo since the penultimate glaciation.

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“…Foram coletadas um total de cinco amostras inde-formadas para análise micromorfológica (Figura 1B 1995;FEDOROFF et al, 2010). Nesse caso, a microestrutura dos agregados é do tipo complexa, resultantes da conjugação de mais de um tipo de microestrutura , individualizados em duas categoria: granulares e microagregados.…”

Section: Materiais E Métodosunclassified

Micromorfologia De Colúvio-Alúvios Em Paleovoçorocas Colmatadas Nas Superfícies De Cimeira De Pinhão/Guarapuava E Palmas/Caçador – Sul Do Brasil

Biffi

Paisani

2019

Rev. Bras. Geomorfol.

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Resumo:O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar as propriedades micromorfológicas dos depósitos de colúvio-alúvio que colmataram paleovoçorocas estabelecidas nas superfícies de cimeira de Pinhão/Guarapuava e Palmas/Caçador, inseridas no Planalto Vulcânico da Bacia do Paraná, visando aprofundar a compreensão os processos envolvidos na gênese de fácies colúvio-aluviais, bem como reconhecer características dos materiais da área fonte, processos deposicionais e transformações pós-deposicionais. Selecionou-se dois registros estratigráfi co contendo paleovoçorocas colmatadas previamente descritos macroscopicamente, na superfície de Pinhão/Guarapuava e na superfície de Palmas/Caçador. Foram coletadas cinco amostras indeformadas dos sedimentos de colmatação das paleovoçorocas para análise micromorfológica, a qual contou com nomenclatura descritiva de Stoops (2003). Como resultados, verifi cou-se que a distribuição relativa dos constituintes é integrada, sendo enáulica para fácies arenosa e porfírica para a fácies lamosa. A primeira é constituída por agregados pedogênicos intrusivos (pedorrelíquias), cuja morfologia dos agregados refl ete as condições de transporte ao longo da encosta por escoamentos laminar e/ou canalizado. Já a segunda, apresenta microestrutura maciça, indicando fl uxo de lama. A fração grossa é constituída por quartzo, ilmenita, magnetita, nódulos lito-e pedomórfi cos, os quais indicam que a área fonte passou por elevado estágio de intemperismo. Revestimentos, hiporevestimento e quasirevestimento tanto de depleção quanto de impregnação, além de feições de preenchimento solto constituído de fração Informações sobre o ArtigoRecebido (Received):

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Palaeosols in Late Quaternary colluvium, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Geomorphology of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with emphasis on late Pleistocene colluvial deposits

Geomorphology of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with emphasis on late Pleistocene colluvial deposits

Geomorphological palaeoenvironments of the Sneeuberg Range, Great Karoo, South Africa

Micromorfologia De Colúvio-Alúvios Em Paleovoçorocas Colmatadas Nas Superfícies De Cimeira De Pinhão/Guarapuava E Palmas/Caçador – Sul Do Brasil

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