Palaeomagnetic study of the Derbyshire lavas and intrusions, central England: definition of Carboniferous apparent polar wander

Piper, J. D. A.; Atkinson, David; Norris, Stanley E.; Schaepers, Thomas

doi:10.1016/0031-9201(91)90152-8

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The remaining seven samples yielded a mean declination of 054.7 and inclination of 41.1 (α 95 = 19.6°) ( (Fig. 11; Torsvik et al 2001), and contrasts with the results obtained by Piper et al (1991) from the Lower Carboniferous lavas of Derbyshire, including a sample of the fresh interior of the Tideswell Sill. Piper et al (1991) used their data to establish the Carboniferous palaeo-latitude.…”

contrasting

confidence: 59%

“…During the Lower Carboniferous, Britain at a palaeolatitude of 20°to 15°S (Piper et al 1991;Domeier & Torsvik, 2014) consisted of a carbonate platform of 500 km 2 with contemporaneous basalt lavas and intrusions. The study area lies in SE Derbyshire in the Peak District National Park close to the village of Tideswell (Fig.…”

Section: Introduction and Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Columnar-jointed bentonite below a Doleritic Sill, Tideswell Dale, Derbyshire, UK: formation during prograde contact metamorphism

et al. 2020

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AbstractColumnar-jointed tuffs (bentonites) are located below the Lower Carboniferous Tideswell Dale Sill, Derbyshire, in an abandoned quarry. There are three zones of prismatic joints, columnar joints (∼60 cm thick and mean column width of 4.1 cm) and massive, conchoidally fractured rock sequentially from the dolerite contact downwards. The rocks are very fine-grained (1–10 µm) and consist mainly of sanidine, interlayered illite/smectite, and hematite, with minor quartz, apatite, montmorillonite, anatase and detrital minerals. High K2O and Fe2O3, low Na2O and low MgO are interpreted as due to alteration of felsic volcanic ash. The bentonite was contact-metamorphosed by the sill to temperatures of c. 300 °C. The progression of fracture geometries, thermal considerations and application of theories of column formation indicate that columns formed downwards away from the sill, due to prograde contact metamorphism of the originally clay-rich bentonite. The formation of columnar fracture networks by shrinkage due to igneous heating may have implications for the effectiveness of bentonite as a barrier for disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Regional dimensions include documenting widespread felsic explosive volcanism and inferring a Triassic oxidation event from palaeomagnetic data.

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contrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introduction and Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Columnar-jointed bentonite below a Doleritic Sill, Tideswell Dale, Derbyshire, UK: formation during prograde contact metamorphism

et al. 2020

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“…Recent assessment of Carboniferous-Permian palaeomagnetic data from Britain identifies a polar shift in mid-Carboniferous times from a Lower Carboniferous position at about 330° E, 15° S to an Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian position at 340° E, 40° S (Piper et al 1992). The pole from the Hendre Dolerite is close to the latter position and indicates an Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian age of magnetization.…”

Section: E the Hendre Doleritementioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeomagnetism of Late Ordovician igneous intrusions from the northern Welsh Borderlands: implications to motion of Eastern Avalonia and regional rotations

Piper

1995

Geol. Mag.

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The palaeomagnetism of a Late Ordovician dolerite suite widely distributed in the northern Welsh Borderlands has been investigated to evaluate (i) regional rotations associated with later deformations and (ii) Lower Palaeozoic latitudes of Eastern Avalonia. Only local effects of Acadian and Variscan overprinting are observed in this region and most bodies appear to preserve a primary cooling-related magnetization. Magnetic properties in the Breidden Dolerite are related to primary igneous differentiation and a dual polarity characteristic remanence (D/I = 333.1/ -71.6°, 6 sites,

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“…The return path (not shown in Fig. 19) is currently less well documented but is implied by Middle-Upper Devonian results from Scotland, by Lower Carboniferous results from the Derbyshire volcanic region (Piper et al 1991), and is required by the pole position near 0°E, 40°S widely recorded by overprinting effects of the Variscan Orogeny in southern Britain.…”

Section: Lower Palaeozoic Apparent Wander Of Eastern Avalonia and Colmentioning

confidence: 97%

Palaeomagnetism of the Borrowdale and Eycott volcanic groups, English Lake District: primary and secondary magnetization during a single late Ordovician polarity chron

1997

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Late Ordovician volcanic rocks of the English Lake District typically have a magnetic remanence dominated by a single characteristic component. Previous investigations have interpreted this remanence as both of primary (pre-folding) and secondary origin. Palaeomagnetic field tests have been conducted on (a) andesite blocks from an autobrecciated lava top, (b) andesite blocks in mass-flow breccias, and (c) fault-blocks tilted during Ordovician caldera collapse to establish the time of remanence acquisition. All three tests show that the lavas retain a magnetization acquired during initial cooling: magnetizations of the breccias are coherent within clasts and random between clasts, whilst magnetizations of the tilted fault blocks converge with better that 95 % confidence when corrected for the effects of caldera collapse. In contrast, the volcaniclastic sedimentary and pyroclastic rocks possess an Ordovician secondary remanence acquired after strata had been tilted by volcano-tectonic subsidence. A distributed sample of 65 andesite and basalt sheets through the Borrowdale Volcanic Group has a mean remanence direction D/I = 341.9/-48.9°( α 95 = 4.0°) yielding a positive fold test and a palaeomagnetic pole at 12.7°E, 4.3°S (dp/dm = 3.5/5.3°). A progressive steepening of the palaeofield direction is recorded during emplacement of the Borrowdale Volcanic Group (~I = -39°to I = -51°) which continued into the interval of volcanotectonic overprinting (I = -62°); the equivalent motion of Eastern Avalonia is ~20°into higher southerly latitudes.Both the Eycott and Borrowdale volcanic groups exhibit uniform normal polarity throughout. Correlation with the geomagnetic time scale for the Ordovician restores the broad correlation between the two groups by constraining their emplacement and partial overprinting to a single long normal polarity chron occupying the Nemagraptus gracilis and earlier part of the Diplograptus multidens biozones (late Llandeilo and early Caradoc). All the volcanism, therefore, occurred within a period of no more than ~5 Ma. The palaeomagnetic evidence confirms that the Borrowdale Volcanic Group was affected by both syn-volcanic deformation (caldera collapse) and regional compressive deformation prior to deposition of the (late Ordovician-Silurian) Windermere Supergroup. The succession of primary and secondary Ordovician palaeomagnetic poles from the Lake District inlier defines an anticlockwise apparent polar wander (APW) loop with the apex correlating with 'soft' closure of the Iapetus Ocean and late Ordovician deformation. The APW paths from Avalonia and Baltica converge at this point as subduction ceased and the arc subsided beneath the sea after mid-Caradoc times.

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Palaeomagnetic study of the Derbyshire lavas and intrusions, central England: definition of Carboniferous apparent polar wander

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Columnar-jointed bentonite below a Doleritic Sill, Tideswell Dale, Derbyshire, UK: formation during prograde contact metamorphism

Columnar-jointed bentonite below a Doleritic Sill, Tideswell Dale, Derbyshire, UK: formation during prograde contact metamorphism

Palaeomagnetism of Late Ordovician igneous intrusions from the northern Welsh Borderlands: implications to motion of Eastern Avalonia and regional rotations

Palaeomagnetism of the Borrowdale and Eycott volcanic groups, English Lake District: primary and secondary magnetization during a single late Ordovician polarity chron

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