Palaeomagnetic, rock-magnetic and mineralogical investigations of the Lower Triassic Vardebukta Formation from the southern part of the West Spitsbergen Fold and Thrust Belt

Abstract

Magnetic, petrological and mineralogical data from 13 sites (99 independently oriented samples) of the Lower Triassic rocks located in the SW segment of the West Spitsbergen Fold and Thrust Belt (WSFTB) are presented in order to identify the ferrimagnetic carriers and establish the origin of the natural remanent magnetization (NRM). Volcanic lithoclasts and other detrital resistive grains in which the primary magnetization might endure are present in some samples. On the other hand, petrological studies indicate that sulphide remineralization could have had an important influence on the remagnetization of these rocks. The dominant ferrimagnetic carriers are titanomagnetite and magnetite. While the titanomagnetite may preserve the primary magnetization, the magnetite is a more likely potential carrier of secondary overprints. The complex NRM patterns found in most of the samples may be explained by the coexistence and partial overlapping of components representing different stages of magnetization. Components of both polarities were identified in the investigated material. The reversal test performed on the most stable components that demagnetized above 300°C proved to be negative at the 95% confidence level at any stage of unfolding. They are better grouped, however, after 100% tectonic corrections and the most stable components are clustered in high inclinations (c. 70–80°). This suggests that at least part of the measured palaeomagnetic vectors represent a secondary prefolding magnetic overprint that originated in post-Jurassic time before the WSFTB event. Vitrinite reflectance studies show these rocks have not been subjected to any strong heating (<200°C).

Seeking the Sources of Dust: Geochemical and Magnetic Studies on “Cryodust” in Glacial Cores from Southern Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway)

“…We propose that magnetite in the cryodust originated from Svalbard itself. Indeed, there are many sedimentary and/or igneous rocks exposed around Southern Spitsbergen that could be sources of magnetite [54][55][56][57][58][59]. Magnetite has also been found in the exposed Triassic rocks of Eastern Edgeøya [60].…”