Palaeolithic of Biśnik Cave (Southern Poland) within the environmental background

Cyrek, Krzysztof; Socha, Paweł; Stefaniak, Krzysztof; Madeyska, Teresa; Mirosław‐Grabowska, Joanna; Sudoł, Magdalena; Czyżewski, Łukasz

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2009.09.014

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The deposits consist of layers dated to the Neogene/Early Pleistocene, Middle Pleistocene, Late Pleistocene and Holocene (Krajcarz et al ., ). Due to the occurrence of the subsequent Middle Paleolithic levels, it is one of the most important Middle Paleolithic sites in Poland (Cyrek et al ., , ). The site has been studied based on a variety of archeological (Cyrek et al ., , 2014; Krajcarz and Cyrek, ; Cyrek and Sudoł, ; Sudoł et al ., ), geological (Mirosław‐Grabowska, ; Krajcarz et al ., ), vertebrate taxonomic (Marciszak and Stefaniak, ; Marciszak et al ., ,b; Van Asperen and Stefaniak, ; Tomek et al ., ; Marciszak, ; Marciszak and Socha, ; Piskorska and Stefaniak, ; Piskorska et al ., ), bone diagenetic (Rogóż et al ., ; Krajcarz, ) and paleoecological aspects (Krajcarz et al ., ; Gąsiorowski et al ., ; Krajcarz et al ., ; Krajcarz and Krajcarz, ; Socha, ).…”

Section: Mis 5a–d Layers Of Biśnik Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence (TL, OSL) dating of sediments from layer 12 are consistent and indicate an age of MIS 5d, approximately 90–110 ka (Krajcarz et al ., ). The available dating results for layers 9–11 are unequivocal and range from 89 ± 8 to 30 ± 1 ka (Hercman and Gorka, ; Cyrek et al ., ; Gąsiorowski et al ., ; Hercman, ; Krajcarz et al ., ). OSL dating of the overlying strata suggests an age earlier than 70 ka (Krajcarz et al ., ).…”

Section: Mis 5a–d Layers Of Biśnik Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

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Post‐depositional bone destruction in cave sediments: a micromorphological study of the MIS 5a–d cave bear strata of Biśnik Cave, Poland

Krajcarz

2019

J Quaternary Science

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Accumulations of cave bear bones are common in Pleistocene cave sediments. The reasons for the deposition are usually clear, and believed to be associated with the hibernation behavior of bears. Although they are common, little is known about the post‐sedimentary processes that affect the assemblages. The cave bear bone accumulations from the Lower Weichselian layers of Biśnik Cave, Poland, represent an interesting case of intensive post‐depositional bone destruction. Bones are highly fragmented and rounded, although no traces of water currents have been detected in the stratigraphic series. In this paper we use the case of Biśnik Cave as an example of cave bear strata, to describe the taphonomic features of the abraded‐like bones and to recognize the underlying processes. We present a micromorphological study of rounded bones and surrounding sediments to increase knowledge of the depositional context in the cave environment. Micromorphological analysis of the sediments indicated in situ disintegration of bones rather than abrasion. The factor responsible here was internal stress, as opposed to the external pressure of mineral grains in the case of abrasion. We indicate frost action as a possible factor responsible for the post‐depositional bone disintegration.

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Section: Mis 5a–d Layers Of Biśnik Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mis 5a–d Layers Of Biśnik Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐depositional bone destruction in cave sediments: a micromorphological study of the MIS 5a–d cave bear strata of Biśnik Cave, Poland

Krajcarz

2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…Comparative material included antlers of the elk Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758) from a Holocene (Subatlantic Period) locality Ostrówki near Chodzie _ z (Szymczyk, 1973) and the giant elk Megaloceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1797) from a Pleistocene (stratum 7, Gniew interstadial, Vistula glaciation) locality Bi snik Cave (Cyrek et al, 2010;Stefaniak and Marciszak, 2009), from the collection of the Palaeozoology Department, Zoological Institute, Wroc1aw University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new ornamented artefact from Poland: final palaeolithic symbolism from an environmental perspective

Płonka

Kowalski²,

Malkiewicz

et al. 2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…pumilio, black-bellied hamster Cricetus cricetus, narrow-headed vole L. (S.) gregalis), and inhabitants of wet areas (water vole A. ex gr. terrestris and tundra vole M. oeconomus) [134]. The fact of ecologically different species being found together is explained by the environmental diversity of the mountainous area and the altitudinal zonation.…”

Section: The East European Plain Crimea and The Uralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Analysis of European Small Mammal Faunas of the Eemian Interglacial: Species Composition and Species Diversity at a Regional Scale

Маркова

Puzachenko

2018

Quaternary

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Small mammal remains obtained from the European localities dated to the Eemian (Mikulino) age have been analyzed for the first time at a regional scale based on the present biogeographical regionalization of Europe. The regional faunas dated to the warm interval in the first part of the Late Pleistocene display notable differences in fauna composition, species richness, and diversity indices. The classification of regional faunal assemblages revealed distinctive features of small mammal faunas in Eastern and Western Europe during the Eemian (=Mikulino, =Ipswichian) Interglacial. Faunas of the Iberian Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, and Sardinia Island appear to deviate from the other regions. In the Eemian Interglacial, the maximum species richness of small mammals (≥40 species) with a relatively high proportion of typical forest species was recorded in Western and Central Europe and in the western part of Eastern Europe. The lowest species richness (5-14 species) was typical of island faunas and of those in the north of Eastern Europe. The data obtained make it possible to reconstruct the distribution of forest biotopes and open habitats (forest-steppe and steppe) in various regions of Europe. Noteworthy is a limited area of forests in the south and in the northeastern part of Europe. In these regions, it seems likely that under conditions of relatively high temperatures characteristic of the Last Interglacial and an insufficient moisture supply there could exist open forest stands or forest-steppe landscapes, as suggested by the presence of species indicative of forest-steppe and steppe north of the forest zone. The results obtained are useful in modeling changes in the mammal faunas as well as environmental changes in entire Europe due to global climatic changes (including the global warming recorded at present).

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Palaeolithic of Biśnik Cave (Southern Poland) within the environmental background

Cited by 49 publications

References 1 publication

Post‐depositional bone destruction in cave sediments: a micromorphological study of the MIS 5a–d cave bear strata of Biśnik Cave, Poland

Post‐depositional bone destruction in cave sediments: a micromorphological study of the MIS 5a–d cave bear strata of Biśnik Cave, Poland

A new ornamented artefact from Poland: final palaeolithic symbolism from an environmental perspective

Preliminary Analysis of European Small Mammal Faunas of the Eemian Interglacial: Species Composition and Species Diversity at a Regional Scale

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