Palaeogeography of Africa during the Cretaceous Period

Reyment, Richard A.; Dingle, R. V.

doi:10.1016/0031-0182(87)90076-9

Cited by 103 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Conditions in the southern Atlantic could have been favourable for the evolution of halophytic species such as Avicennia. Major salt deposition occurred south of the Niger delta and along the southern coastline of Brazil and, at about this time, climate in the region was becoming more humid and swamps lined the opening seaways (Reyment & Dingle, 1987). The articulation of south America and Africa about the Niger delta, with the continents spreading apart in the south, may have led to isolation of ancestral populations leaving the progenitor of A. schaueriana on the southern coast of Brazil (where it is the only species of the genus found today) and the progenitor of A. germinans on the African coast, or occupying the northern flank of the remaining connection between the north-east corner of Brazil and the Niger delta.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary divergence in the pan‐Atlantic mangrove Avicennia germinans

Dodd¹,

Rafii²,

Bousquet-Mélou³

2000

New Phytologist

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Cuticular hydrocarbon composition was determined for 18 populations of Avicennia germinans (Avicenniaceae) collected from West Africa, Florida, the Pacific coast of Mexico and French Guyana. Variation in covariance structure among the hydrocarbons was evaluated from correlations among the traits for each of the populations and from a hierarchical common principal components analysis. Principal components ordinations of populations based on the 171 z* transformed correlation coefficients, onto which a minimal spanning tree was superimposed, suggested a network in which French Guyanan populations formed a nexus from which African populations differentiated biochemically from Floridan and Mexican groups. Common principal components analysis provided further support for the differentiation in covariance structure among these biochemical traits of African populations. Pacific coast Mexican populations appeared to have diverged less in covariation among traits from Atlantic American sources than did the northern (Floridan) and southern (French Guyanan) Atlantic American populations from one another. The complete isolation of Pacific coast sources after emergence of the Central American isthmus during the Pliocene provides a reference for comparison of levels of differentiation among regions that suggests an underlying pattern of divergence in this species. Partial Mantel matrix tests revealed significant geographic effects, with no significant climatic effects. Our results provide support for recognition of a major differentiation between Old and New World sources within the taxon and indicate the need for a full revision of this species.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary divergence in the pan‐Atlantic mangrove Avicennia germinans

Dodd¹,

Rafii²,

Bousquet-Mélou³

2000

New Phytologist

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“…The rocks, which range from Maastrichtian to late Eocene in age, incorporate repeated sequences of phosphate-rich conglomerates that preserve a diverse vertebrate fauna. In addition to mammals (O'Leary et al, 2006), turtles (Gaffney et al, 2007), sharks, rays, and pycnodont fishes, an abundance of dyrosaurid crocodyliform fossils has been recovered from these localities (e.g., Brochu et al, 2002;Hill, 2006;McCartney and Hill, 2007 (Petters, 1979;Reyment and Dingle, 1987;Burke, 1996). Across West Africa, however, a series of other basins, including the Iullemmeden, Taoudeni, and Chad basins, were also affected by this major Gondwanan breakup event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyrosaurid (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) Fossils from the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene of Mali: Implications for Phylogeny and Survivorship across the K/T Boundary

Hill¹,

McCartney²,

Roberts³

et al. 2008

Am Museum Novitates

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We describe new dyrosaurid fossils from three localities in Mali, representing strata of Maastrichtian, Paleocene, and Eocene ages. The fossils significantly extend the temporal and geographic ranges of several known dyrosaurid taxa. Rhabdognathus keiniensis and Chenanisuchus lateroculi are identified for the first time from Maastrichtian sediments. Additional material is referred to Phosphatosaurus gavialoides and, tentatively, the genus Sokotosuchus. These discoveries represent the first occurrence of Chenanisuchus and possibly of Sokotosuchus from Mali. Previously unknown morphological character states are incorporated into existing data matrices, reducing the amount of missing data. Phylogenetic analyses largely corroborate prior hypotheses of dyrosaurid relationships, but indicate a need for new characters to resolve the relationships of certain genera and species. The occurrence of both basal (e.g., Chenanisuchus lateroculi) and highly nested (e.g., Rhabdognathus keiniensis) members of Dyrosauridae on both sides of the K/T boundary indicates that dyrosaurid diversification was well underway by the latest Cretaceous, and that most, if not all dyrosaurid species survived the extinction event. The geology of the Mali's Tilemsi Valley is clarified; some rocks previously assigned to the Iullemmeden Basin actually represent extensions of other basins: the Taoudeni Basin and Gao Trench.

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“…Considering that South America and Africa were connected until late Albian (Reyment andDingle 1987, Koutsoukos et al 1991), it is not unexpected that the paleocommunities recorded in northeastern Brazil, and all along northern Sahara, are somehow similar as evidenced by the Alcântara Formation record Schultz 2001, 2002). The early Cenomanian continental Moroccan fish fauna of Kem Kem has been considered as similar to the South American record (Cavin and Dutheil 1999;see also Cavin et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A new genus of dipnoiformes from the Cretaceous of Brazil

Toledo¹,

Sousa²,

Medeiros

et al. 2011

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The Alcântara Formation, an important stratigraphic unit from the early Cenomanian of Brazil, was deposited under transitional (estuarine) conditions, and its fossil record includes fragmentary remains of plants, fishes, crocodylomorphs, pterosaurs and dinosaurs, with a noteworthy diversity of dipnoiformes tooth plates. The dipnoiformes material reported here comprises a new taxon, Equinoxiodus alcantarensis, gen. et sp. nov. Most of the identified morphotypes of continental vertebrates collected in the Alcântara Formation are similar to chronocorrelative faunas from Northern Africa, but this new genus of Dipnoiformes indicates some degree of paleogeographic isolation and endemism. This was probably caused by the widening of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean during the early Cenomanian, which may have selectively affected some species.

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Palaeogeography of Africa during the Cretaceous Period

Cited by 103 publications

References 19 publications

Evolutionary divergence in the pan‐Atlantic mangrove Avicennia germinans

Evolutionary divergence in the pan‐Atlantic mangrove Avicennia germinans

Dyrosaurid (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) Fossils from the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene of Mali: Implications for Phylogeny and Survivorship across the K/T Boundary

A new genus of dipnoiformes from the Cretaceous of Brazil

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