Palaeoenvironments and palaeotopography of a multilayered city during the Etruscan and Roman periods: early interaction of fluvial processes and urban growth at Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)

Identification of Leveled Archeological Mounds (Höyük) in the Alluvial Plain of the Ceyhan River (Southern Turkey) by Satellite Remote-Sensing Analyses

“…A fundamental role in settlement distribution was probably associated with drainage network evolution and alluvial plain aggradation, as stated by classical authors (Strabo and Ptolemy), and later by Ramsay [38] and Russel [39], and currently by evidence in other areas of the Mediterranean [16,[20][21][22][25][26][27][28][29]40,41]. The mutations in the drainage network of the Ceyhan River plain are documented by old maps, and by old channel traces highlighted by means of remote-sensing analysis [42].…”

“…In particular, the Mediterranean alluvial plains, where an enduring synergic relationship occurs among landscape, ancient cultures and society evolution [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], may represent critical areas for investigation.…”

Deciphering the effects of human activity on urban areas through morphostratigraphic analysis: The case of Pisa, Northwest Italy

“…At that time, the Arno River flowed in a slightly more southern position relative to its modern course. In contrast, the ancient branch of the Serchio River ( Auser ) had a complex meandering pattern in the northern sector of the historical town (Bini et al., ).…”

“…Pisa urban area in the context of the alluvial plain (modified from Bini et al., ); the paleo‐courses of Arno and Serchio ( Auserculus and Auser ) rivers derive from remote sensing analyses and historical sources. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

“…; Bruni, ), represents an ideal case study to assess the timing of human impact in the history of a typical medium‐sized Italian city. In this work, we assess the type, thickness, and volume of anthropogenic deposits in the subsurface of Pisa, focusing on a city mound that stands about 4 m above the alluvial plain (Bini et al., ). Specifically, our objectives are as follows: (i) to quantify through a geomorphologic‐geoarchaeologic approach the urban growth rates during distinct historical periods of the city settlement, (ii) to recognize the most prominent morphologic changes associated with the formation of the Pisa mound, and (iii) to investigate the anthropogenic impact in the study area in the view of the recent debate about the definition of the Anthropocene epoch.…”