Palaeoenvironmental inferences from late Quaternary sediments of the Al Jafr Basin, Jordan

Mischke, Steffen; Opitz, Stephan; Kalbe, Johannes; Ginat, Hanan; Al-Saqarat, Bety S.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.12.041

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Cypris pubera, Herpetocypris brevicaudata, Candona neglecta, Heterocypris salina, Pseudocandona sp. and Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hasa probably never existed [24] and these deposits are from swampy margins of Hasa River, and Mischke [6] also suggested a deposition in a wetland setting with shallow freshwater to slightly oligohaline ponds, streams, and swamps, All above mentioned lakes collected at their beginnings fresh water and clastic sediments were deposited as can be indicated by their sediments and fossil contents of fresh water. Among the gastropods fossils Melanopsis sp., Theodoxus sp., Bithynia sp., Pupilla sp., Bulimus sp., Gyraulus ehrenbergi, Galba truncatula, Melanoides tuberculata, Ancylus sp., Valvata sp., and Lymnaea sp., indicate fresh water environment [3] [7] [23] and [26].…”

Section: Human Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and Termination of Lakes in Jordan and Their Relevance to Human Migration from Africa to Asia and Europe

Salameh¹,

Bändel²,

Alhejoj³

et al. 2018

OJG

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The hydrologic system in Jordan began its evolution with the regression of the Tethys during the Eocene and the rifting of Arabia from Africa. From that time onward Jordan lay on land. The rivers from Jordan and the Sirhan east of it flew into the Rift. On the Jordan land volcanism developed and was on and off active until sub-recent times. Flows of magma covered large areas in north and central Jordan. The uppermost hard layers of the deep valleys of the Yarmouk and the Mujib present evidence for their later erosion. The land to the east of the rift was low and in depressions lakes formed on the Jordan plateau, which began to rise less than half a Million years ago. Especially the Jafr and the Azraq Lakes developed a belt of green vegetation that attracted numerous animals which were hunted by early men. Tools for hunting and food preparation were produced from flint and assembled next to the former lake shores with time. The shape of these flint tools allows a coarse dating and documents the arrival of humans hundred thousand years ago and of modern men between 50,000 and 80,000 years ago. Great changes in the shape of the eastern Rift margin had occurred before Lake Lisan evolved and its rising water flooded the mouths of canyons for example of Wadi Hasa, Wadi Mujib and Wadi Zerka Ma'in. On former gravel fans into Lake Lisan of the Tabaqat Fahl first agriculture still in Neolithic times evolved as well as in Amman where people from Ain Ghazal planted crops like barley and peas, beans, lentils and chickpeas and domesticated sheep, goats and pigs. The existence of the highland lakes seems to have been of utmost importance to human migrations from Africa. Such lakes provided water and food for those humans in the Arid area of Jordan.

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“…Cypris pubera, Herpetocypris brevicaudata, Candona neglecta, Heterocypris salina, Pseudocandona sp. and Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Termination of Lakes in Jordan and Their Relevance to Human Migration from Africa to Asia and Europe

Salameh¹,

Bändel²,

Alhejoj³

et al. 2018

OJG

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“…The authors inferred the lake to have existed during the last glacial period based on archaeological materials and one 14 C age of 25,000 14 C yr on bulk carbonate (Huckriede and Wiesemann, 1968). Subsequent work, however, has demonstrated that these deposits are wetland and not lake deposits, and that the deposits are >40,000 yr old (Enzel et al, 2008; Mischke et al, 2015, 2017; Rech et al, 2017). Although the deposits indicate more pluvial conditions existed in the past, the unknown age of the deposits limits their significance as a paleoclimatic proxy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of a small ephemeral lake in southern Jordan during the last full glacial period and its paleoclimatic implications

Catlett

Rech

Pigati³

et al. 2017

Quat. res.

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Playas, or ephemeral lakes, are one of the most common depositional environments in arid and semiarid lands worldwide. Playa deposits, however, have mostly been avoided as paleoclimatic archives because they typically contain exceptionally low concentrations of organic material, making14C dating difficult. Here, we describe a technique for concentrating organic matter in sediments for radiocarbon dating and apply it to playa sediments recovered from a 2.35 m sediment core from a small playa in southern Jordan. Based on14C ages of the organic concentrate fraction, the playa was active from ~29 to 21 ka, coincident with the last major high stand of Paleolake Lisan and wet conditions recorded by other paleoclimatic proxies in the southernmost Levant during the last full glacial period (35–20 ka). The timing and spatial pattern of these records suggests that the increased moisture was likely derived from more frequent and deeper eastern Mediterranean (EM) cyclones associated with the intensification of the westerlies. The presence of full glacial pluvial deposits in southern Jordan (29°N), and the lack of similarly aged deposits in the northern Arabian Peninsula to the south, suggests that the southerly limit of the incursion of EM cyclones during last full glacial period was ~28°N.

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“…Problems based on postdepositional diagenetic processes within Pleistocene sediments from interior desert environments originating from this region did not provide ostracod records older than 93 ka (Kalbe et al, 2014;Mischke et al, 2015), emphasizing the importance and particular interest of the El Kowm spring cluster within the Middle East.…”

Section: Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askarmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spring of Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar — Paleoecology of a Paleolithic oasis in arid central Syria

Kalbe

Jagher

Pümpin

2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Palaeoenvironmental inferences from late Quaternary sediments of the Al Jafr Basin, Jordan

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution and Termination of Lakes in Jordan and Their Relevance to Human Migration from Africa to Asia and Europe

Evolution and Termination of Lakes in Jordan and Their Relevance to Human Migration from Africa to Asia and Europe

Activation of a small ephemeral lake in southern Jordan during the last full glacial period and its paleoclimatic implications

The spring of Nadaouiyeh Aïn Askar — Paleoecology of a Paleolithic oasis in arid central Syria

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