Palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental changes through the onset of the Valanginian carbon–isotope excursion: Evidence from the Polish Basin

Morales, Chloé; Kujau, Ariane; Heimhofer, Ulrich; Mutterlose, Jörg; Spangenberg, Jorge E.; Adatte, Thierry; Ploch, Izabela; Föllmi, Karl B.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.03.013

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…%1116. With regards to the Wąwał section, the TOC values are somewhat more elevated near the base and the top of the section to reach maxima of 1.24 and 1.44 w%, respectively40. However, the highest Hg contents are recorded during the Weissert episode where TOC values are below 0.7 wt% (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change

Charbonnier

Morales

Duchamp‐Alphonse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The Valanginian stage (Early Cretaceous) includes an episode of significant environmental changes, which are well defined by a positive δ13C excursion. This globally recorded excursion indicates important perturbations in the carbon cycle, which has tentatively been associated with a pulse in volcanic activity and the formation of the Paraná-Etendeka large igneous province (LIP). Uncertainties in existing age models preclude, however, its positive identification as a trigger of Valanginian environmental changes. Here we report that in Valanginian sediments recovered from a drill core in Wąwał (Polish Basin, Poland), and from outcrops in the Breggia Gorge (Lombardian Basin, southern Switzerland), and Orpierre and Angles (Vocontian Basin, SE France), intervals at or near the onset of the positive δ13C excursion are significantly enriched in mercury (Hg). The persistence of the Hg anomaly in Hg/TOC, Hg/phyllosilicate, and Hg/Fe ratios shows that organic-matter scavenging and/or adsorbtion onto clay minerals or hydrous iron oxides only played a limited role. Volcanic outgassing was most probably the primary source of the Hg enrichments, which demonstrate that an important magmatic pulse triggered the Valanginian environmental perturbations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The selected sections have not been the subject of significant diagenesis, benefit from a robust temporal frameworks, and the evolution of the Valanginian Weissert episode is well defined by δ 13 C stratigraphy616383940; Fig. S2 in the supplementary material).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change

Charbonnier

Morales

Duchamp‐Alphonse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Ti correlates with Al (r > 0.75), which indicates a siliciclastic origin with fluctuations that can be linked to detrital variations (Lebedel et al, ; Murphy et al, ; Rachold & Brumsack, ; Tribovillard et al, ). Other elements (Mo, U, V, Ba, Zn, Cu, P) have a biogenic or authigenic origin (Algeo & Maynard, ; Brumsack, ; Calvert & Pedersen, ; Lebedel et al, ; Morales et al, ; Riquier et al, ) because they are poorly correlated or uncorrelated with Al (r < 0.6). In the Upper Paleocene portion of the Bakchar section, EF values of redox proxies are relatively stable but high, ranging up to 15 for Mo, 18 for U, and 37 for V. Peak values coincide with oolitic ironstones with siderite cement and ferrimagnetic iron sulfides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferrimagnetic Iron Sulfide Formation and Methane Venting Across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum in Shallow Marine Sediments, Ancient West Siberian Sea

Rudmin

Roberts

Horng

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Authigenesis of ferrimagnetic iron sulfide minerals (greigite and monoclinic pyrrhotite) occurred across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) within the Bakchar oolitic ironstone in southeastern Western Siberia. Co‐occurrence of these minerals is associated with diagenetic environments that support anaerobic oxidation of methane, which has been validated by methane fluid inclusion analysis in the studied sediments. In modern settings, such ferrimagnetic iron sulfide formation is linked to upward methane diffusion in the presence of minor dissolved sulfide ions. The PETM was the most extreme Cenozoic global warming event and massive methane mobilization has been proposed as a major contributor to the globally observed warming and carbon isotope excursion associated with the PETM. The studied sediments provide rare direct evidence for methane mobilization during the PETM. Magnetic iron sulfide formation associated with methanogenesis in the studied sediments can be explained by enhanced local carbon burial across the PETM. While there is no strong evidence to link local methane venting with more widespread methane mobilization and global warming, the magnetic, petrographic, and geochemical approach used here is applicable to identifying authigenic minerals that provide telltale signatures of methane mobility that can be used to assess methane formation and mobilization through the PETM and other hyperthermal climatic events.

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“…Poland (Fesneau, 2008;Duchamp-Alphonse et al, 2011;Morales et al, 2015), a return to more oligotrophic assemblages (Duchamp-Alphonse et al, 2014), characterized by a shortterm recovery of nannoconnids (Barbarin et al, 2012), lower nannofossil fluxes and species richness Mattioli et al, 2014) and a decrease in the pCO 2 values (Gröcke et al, 2005;Morales, 2013). The decrease in the atmospheric pCO 2 values, possibly consecutive to organic-carbon burial can have lowered the level of continental weathering, exports of kaolinite, detrital particles and nutrients, and finally reduced the level of fertilization of oceans.…”

Section: Environmental Changes Linked To the Volcanic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only discrete thin organic-rich layers were found in Italy (Bersezio et al, 2002), France (Reboulet et al, 2003); Atlantic (Herbin et al, 1987;Stein et al, 1988), and in the Pacific (Bralower et al, 2002), while their correlation has not been demonstrated yet. In addition, most of these black shale horizons contain continentalorigin organic matter, and seem to derive from higher levels of continental exports rather than from marine primary productivity (Stein et al, 1988;Morales et al, 2015). Only DSDP Site…”

Section: Environmental Changes Linked To the Volcanic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrochronology of the Valanginian–Hauterivian stages (Early Cretaceous): Chronological relationships between the Paraná–Etendeka large igneous province and the Weissert and the Faraoni events

Martínez

Deconinck

Pellenard

et al. 2015

Global and Planetary Change

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Palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental changes through the onset of the Valanginian carbon–isotope excursion: Evidence from the Polish Basin

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change

Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change

Ferrimagnetic Iron Sulfide Formation and Methane Venting Across the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum in Shallow Marine Sediments, Ancient West Siberian Sea

Astrochronology of the Valanginian–Hauterivian stages (Early Cretaceous): Chronological relationships between the Paraná–Etendeka large igneous province and the Weissert and the Faraoni events

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