Palaeoceanographic implications of genetic variation in living North Atlantic Neogloboquadrina pachyderma

Bauch, Dorothea; Darling, Kate; Simstich, Johannes; Bauch, Henning A.; Erlenkeuser, Helmut; Kroon, Dirk-Jan

doi:10.1038/nature01778

Cited by 82 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…genotypes were identified by Darling et al (2004) in the Arctic and Antarctic polar/subpolar waters. Those cryptic species seem to have different environmental preferences (Bauch et al, 2003). Accordingly, the temperature tolerance of the populations in the southern hemisphere is larger than that of North Atlantic population (Darling et al, 2006).…”

Section: Comparison With Core-top Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

et al. 2008

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Abstract. We present a new planktonic foraminifera model developed for the global ocean mixed-layer. The main purpose of the model is to explore the response of planktonic foraminifera to different boundary conditions in the geological past, and to quantify the seasonal bias in foraminiferabased paleoceanographic proxy records. This model is forced with hydrographic data and with biological information taken from an ecosystem model to predict monthly concentrations of the most common planktonic foraminifera species used in paleoceanography: N. pachyderma (sinistral and dextral varieties), G. bulloides, G. ruber (white variety) and G. sacculifer. The sensitivity of each species with respect to temperature (optimal temperature and range of tolerance) is derived from previous sediment-trap studies.Overall, the spatial distribution patterns of most of the species are in agreement with core-top data. N. pachyderma (sin.) is limited to polar regions, N. pachyderma (dex.) and G. bulloides are the most common species in high productivity zones, while G. ruber and G. sacculifer are more abundant in tropical and subtropical oligotrophic waters. For N. pachyderma (sin) and N. pachyderma (dex.), the season of maximum production coincides with that observed in sediment-trap records. Model and sediment-trap data for G. ruber and G. sacculifer show, in general, lower concentrations and less seasonal variability at all sites. A sensitivity experiment suggest that, within the temperature-tolerance range of a species, food availability may be the main parameter controlling its abundance.

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Section: Comparison With Core-top Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N. pachyderma (sin.) is a cold-water species, and dominates planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in polar waters (Pflaumann et al, 1996;Bauch et al, 2003;Kucera et al, 2005). Previous work has shown that it can survive within Antarctic sea ice (Dieckman et al, 1991;Spindler, 1996;Schnack-Schiel et al, 2001).…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

et al. 2008

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“…However, the discrimination between the N. incompta and N. pachyderma (d) can be achieved only by means of genetic analysis and is not possible for fossil material. Data from Bauch et al (6) suggest that the d show 0.5‰ enrichment before HE1, not 3‰ as reported by Hillaire-Marcel and de Vernal (2).…”

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confidence: 49%

Response to Comment on "Mixed-Layer Deepening During Heinrich Events: A Multi-Planktonic Foraminiferal δ ¹⁸ O Approach"

Rashid

Boyle

2008

Science

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Hillaire-Marcel and de Vernal question our hypothesis of the "homogenization of the upper water masses" of the North Atlantic during Heinrich events 0, 1, and 4. Here, we respond to their specific points and synthesize data from the southern Labrador Sea cores, the basic tenet of Hillaire-Marcel and de Vernal's arguments. W e used oxygen isotopes from multiple planktonic foraminifera to show that substantial perturbation of the upper water masses of the North Atlantic occurred during Heinrich events (HEs) (1). Hillaire-Marcel and de Vernal (2) argue that mixed-layer deepening is implausible based on evidence of dense sea-ice cover and strong stratification of surface waters.The minimum sedimentation rate of 20 to 28 cm/thousand years (ky) between 35 and 80 cm in Chain 82 Station 50 Core 20 (CHN82-20) is estimated by six 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates (1) consistent with the earlier anomalously high sedimentation rates estimated by Keigwin and Lehman (3). Such a high sedimentation rate within the deglacial sequence covering HE0 and HE1 allowed us to distinguish various high-frequency climatic variabilities and minimize the effect of bioturbation. However, we acknowledge that the effects of bioturbation cannot be entirely ruled out for the older interval because of the lower sedimentation rate. Newly revised deglacial chronology of the Northern Hemisphere suggests that the meltwater pulse 1A (mwp1A) was anchored at 14 ky before the present (B.P.) (4). Furthermore, none of the circum-North Atlantic paleo records show any discernible lighter d 18O signature for the presumed perturbation caused by the mwp1A. On the other hand, HE1 occurred between 15.4 and 16.4 ky B.P., nearly 2 ka before the mwp1A. Therefore, we argue against putting together HE1 and mwp1A signatures at sites CHN82-20 (2, 3) and CH69-K09 (5) and do not think it is appropriate or desirable.We acknowledge the possibility that foraminifers identified as N. pachyderma dextral (d) could be represented by N. incompta during the warm periods. However, the discrimination between the N. incompta and N. pachyderma (d) can be achieved only by means of genetic analysis and is not possible for fossil material. Data from Bauch et al.

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“…crude parametrizations, or the complete lack of climate components) (Stainforth et al 2007) and proxy 'biases' (e.g. habitat variability or physiological plasticity) (Bauch et al 2003;Skinner & Elderfield 2005). Both of these types of uncertainty bear on the perils of extrapolation, and neither is easily quantified, let alone explicitly characterized.…”

Section: Looking Forward In Palaeoclimate Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing future climate change: is the past relevant?

Skinner

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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From a socio-economic perspective, the 'sharp end' of climate research is very much about looking forward in time. As far as possible, we need to know what to expect and approximately when to expect it. However, it is argued here that our approach to climate change (including its scientific basis and its policy implications) is firmly linked to our understanding of the past. This is mainly due to the role played by palaeoclimate reconstructions in shaping our expectations of the climate system, in particular via their ability to test the accuracy of our climate models. Importantly, this includes the intuitive models that each of us carries around in our mind, as well as the more complex numerical models hiding inside supercomputers. It is through such models that palaeoclimate insights may affect the scientific and political judgements that we must make in the face of persistent and ultimately irreducible predictive uncertainty. Already we can demonstrate a great deal of confidence in our current understanding of the global climate system based specifically on insights from the geological record. If further advances are to be made effectively, climate models should take advantage of both past and present constraints on their behaviour, and should be given added credence to the extent that they are compatible with an increasingly rich tapestry of past climatic phenomena. Furthermore, palaeoclimate data should be accompanied by clearly defined uncertainties, and organized in arrays that are capable of speaking directly to numerical models, and their limitations in particular.

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Palaeoceanographic implications of genetic variation in living North Atlantic Neogloboquadrina pachyderma

Cited by 82 publications

References 27 publications

Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

Response to Comment on "Mixed-Layer Deepening During Heinrich Events: A Multi-Planktonic Foraminiferal δ ¹⁸ O Approach"

Facing future climate change: is the past relevant?

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Palaeoceanographic implications of genetic variation in living North Atlantic Neogloboquadrina pachyderma

Cited by 82 publications

References 27 publications

Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

Predicting the global distribution of planktonic foraminifera using a dynamic ecosystem model

Response to Comment on "Mixed-Layer Deepening During Heinrich Events: A Multi-Planktonic Foraminiferal δ 18 O Approach"

Facing future climate change: is the past relevant?

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Response to Comment on "Mixed-Layer Deepening During Heinrich Events: A Multi-Planktonic Foraminiferal δ ¹⁸ O Approach"