Palaeoceanographic controls on spatial redox distribution over the Yangtze Platform during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition

Och, Lawrence M.; Cremonese, Lorenzo; Shields, Graham A.; Poulton, Simon W.; Struck, Ulrich; Ling, Hong‐Fei; Li, Da; Chen, Xi; Manning, Christina; Thirlwall, M. F.; Strauß, Harald; Zhu, Maoyan

doi:10.1111/sed.12220

Cited by 97 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(317 reference statements)

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“…80 m thick Yuanjia section, and the approximately 120 m thick Lijiatuo section consist of black chert of the Liuchapo Formation, overlain by gray to black shales of the Niutitang Formation. The base of the Niutitang Formation is defined by a horizon rich in phosphatic nodules and a sulfide layer enriched in Ni-Mo-PGEs (Pan et al, 2004;Jiang et al, 2007;Lehmann et al, 2007;Wille et al, 2008). The upper parts of the sections contain mainly gray to black shales rich in sponge spicules .…”

Section: Longbizui Depth(m)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 (Pan et al, 2004;Guo et al, 2007aGuo et al, , 2007bYang et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2013;Och et al, 2013;Pi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Yuanjiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have centered on the fossil record, the sedimentology, and the geochemistry of this period (Richard, 1998;Wu et al, 1999a, b;Yang et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2004;Xiao et al, 2005;Tribovillard et al, 2006;Goldberg et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2007;Lehmann et al, 2007;Schröder and Grotzinger, 2007;Zhu et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2007a, b;Ishikawa et al, 2008;Sawaki et al, 2008;Wille et al, 2008;Guo et al, 2013;Ishikawaa et al, 2013;Pi et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2013;Feng et al, 2014;Och et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015). Anoxic to euxinic conditions have been proposed for the early Cambrian based on the widespread deposition of black shales, the enrichment of certain redox-sensitive trace metals such as Mo, Ni, and PGE (Pt-group elements), and the prominent negative shifts in the isotopic evolution of C (lower δ…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bulk rock analyses may be influenced by detrital material, hence, do not necessarily reflect the authigenic nature of components from the marine environment (Pi et al, 2013). In addition, hydrothermal inputs of Ni, U, Cr, and V can distort the original trace element values (such as: Th/U, V/SC, and V/Cr), which prevents conclusions being made on the redox conditions in the paleo-ocean (Pan et al, 2004). However, indigenous insoluble organic matter (or kerogen), mainly derived from algal material, plankton, and achritarchs from the euphotic zone of the upper water column (Wu et al, 1999a(Wu et al, , 1999b, could represent suitable alternative material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C Corg values, e.g., Guo et al, 2007aGuo et al, , 2007bGuo et al, 2013) and S (the minimum δ 34 S values; e.g., Goldberg et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2007a;Feng et al, 2014;Och et al, 2015). In contrast, oxygenation of near-bottom waters has been proposed because of the occurrence of the various benthic organisms, such as sponges and arthropods (e.g., Xiao et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

et al. 2016

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It has been established that important changes in the marine environment and the biosphere occurred during the Cambrian. However, the relationships between the so-called "Cambrian Explosion" and the concomitant environmental changes are not yet fully understood. This study presents new geochemical data from the black shale successions from different facies belts of the Yangtze Platform in South China. Variations in the concentrations of REE and trace elements (varying Ce/Ce*, Th/U, V/Sc, and V/Cr ratios) in kerogen as well as in bulk rocks from different depositional environments along a transect from platform to basin indicate two oxidation events, which led to the oxygenation of the water column in shallow-marine environments and euxinic conditions (weak correlation between TOC, V, U, and Mo) in the deeper sea. During the first oxidation event in the late Terreneuvian, anoxic conditions in bottom waters rapidly changed to euxinic conditions. Subsequently, the second oxidation event during the early Epoch 2 of the Cambrian led to oxic-suboxic conditions in deeper seawater.

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Section: Longbizui Depth(m)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 (Pan et al, 2004;Guo et al, 2007aGuo et al, , 2007bYang et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2013;Och et al, 2013;Pi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Yuanjiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

et al. 2016

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The climatic significance of Late Ordovician‐early Silurian black shales

et al. 2017

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The Ordovician‐Silurian transition (∼455–430 Ma) is characterized by repeated climatic perturbations, concomitant with major changes in the global oceanic redox state best exemplified by the periodic deposition of black shales. The relationship between the climatic evolution and the oceanic redox cycles, however, remains largely debated. Here using an ocean‐atmosphere general circulation model accounting for ocean biogeochemistry (MITgcm), we investigate the mechanisms responsible for the burial of organic carbon immediately before, during, and right after the latest Ordovician Hirnantian (445–444 Ma) glacial peak. Our results are compared with recent sedimentological and geochemical data. We show that the late Katian time slice (∼445 Ma), typified by the deposition of black shales at tropical latitudes, represents an unperturbed oceanic state, with regional organic carbon burial driven by the surface primary productivity. During the Hirnantian, our experiments predict a global oxygenation event, in agreement with the disappearance of the black shales in the sedimentary record. This suggests that deep‐water burial of organic matter may not be a tenable triggering factor for the positive carbon excursion reported at that time. Our simulations indicate that the perturbation of the ocean circulation induced by the release of freshwater, in the context of the post‐Hirnantian deglaciation, does not sustain over sufficiently long geological periods to cause the Rhuddanian (∼444 Ma) oceanic anoxic event. Input of nutrients to the ocean, through increased continental weathering and the leaching of newly exposed glaciogenic sediments, may instead constitute the dominant control on the spread of anoxia in the early Silurian.

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Marine redox variations during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition on the Yangtze Platform, South China

Zhai

et al. 2016

Geological Journal

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The widely developed black shales on the Yangtze Platform recorded palaeoceanographic environment information during the EdiacaranCambrian transition. This paper describes an integrated geochemical study of rare earth elements (REEs), redox-sensitive trace elements (RSTEs), and total organic carbon (TOC) contents in Ediacaran-Cambrian black shales at Daotuo, northeastern Guizhou Province, South China. Integrated RSTE data from the Daotuo area, in combination with previously published Fe speciation and Mo-based proxies from another six sections (Shatan, Jiulongwan, Zhongling, Yangjiaping, Longbizui and Wuhe), suggest three major periods of water euxinia during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition. Under these conditions, organic matter and RSTEs experienced various levels of enrichment in the black shales, especially in the lower Jiumenchong Formation. Given the patterns of Mo-U covariations, metal-oxyhydroxide particulate shuttles may have operated during the black shale deposition of the Doushantuo Formation (Member II) at Daotuo. Conspicuously, the upper slope water was oxic-dysoxic during the earliest Cambrian, as determined by the REE, RSTE data and sedimentological characteristics of the Liuchapo Formation and the basal Jiumenchong Formation. The generally low RSTE concentrations in the Bianmachong Formation black shales (Cambrian Series 2, end of Stage 3) suggest a persistently oxic water column in upper slope settings. The coincidence between the marine oxygenation and the development of the ecosystem likely indicates the galvanizing effects of enhanced oxygen and biological element content on the fauna during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition.

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Palaeoceanographic controls on spatial redox distribution over the Yangtze Platform during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition

Cited by 97 publications

References 173 publications

REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

The climatic significance of Late Ordovician‐early Silurian black shales

Marine redox variations during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition on the Yangtze Platform, South China

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