Paixão, publicação, promoção e pagamento: quais "Ps" motivam os cientistas?

Chamon, Wallace

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492012000600001

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In many occasions, the acquired knowledge may not reflect the best clinical practice, like, for instance, individual communications can be subject to limitations of the clinical experience of the doctors; lectures in courses or congresses only generally show diagnostic and therapeutic options and do not accurately describe how and how often the results could be reproduced by other professionals; text-books could be obsolete; laboratory advertisement could be biased due to conflict of interests; and many scientific articles published in journals do not show methodology accuracy (2,3) . Thus, the importance of strategy in "Medicine Based on Evidence (MBE)" increases progressively.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicine based on evidences

Kara-Júnior¹

2014

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicine based on evidences

Kara-Júnior¹

2014

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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“…And the personal interpretation can be biased as well (10) . For example, estimating that the medium external temperature in São Paulo next winter would be 21 degrees Celsius, someone in Recife could interpret this datum as being cold, like someone from Curitiba could interpret it as being hot.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

O valor da análise crítica da literatura para a atualização médica continuada

Kara-Júnior¹

2013

Rev. bras.oftalmol.

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Continuing medical updating is crucial for the safety and good quality of medical practice. Today, the less expensive, easy and trustful way of acquiring medical knowledge is through literature review in electronic data banks, which are available on the internet. Accordingly, a minimum knowledge on behalf of the reader is necessary to critically evaluate scientific articles and not to have his clinical practice based on information which cannot stand for the truth (1,2) . Although journals with a high "impact factor" submit the studies they receive to the analysis of competent reviewers (peer reviews), there is no guarantee that all articles published in these journals are of good quality and, in the same way, it is possible to have good studies published in journals of low "impact factor" (3)(4)(5). It is also important to know that publications do not always accuretly express the scientific truth. There are levels of study values, for instance a retrospective study is less trustful than a randomized clinical trial, that has a lower scientific value than a meta-analysis, that, in other words, is the type of publication in which the results are closer to the scientific truth of that moment, because the way the hypothesis was tested is more precise and had, in theory, less influence of other factors which could deceive the data. Thus, we have to measure the value of the published information, considering the design of each study (6) . It is important to also consider the value of the article, which is the degree of conformity with truth. The External Value refers to the possibility of applying the results in different realities (generalization). For example, an article that identifies the barriers for access to cataract surgery in a public hospital of northeast Brazil may not be totally valid to the reality of southeast or to a private clinic where the difficulties of access are possibly others. The Internal Value indicates the level in which the results of the research reflect the truth, or better, how much we can trust on the data. The Internal Value is related to the employed methodology which allow us to measure the possibility of the results being biased.Thus, the most important part of the publication that has to be carefully analysed is the description of the employed methodology for obtaining the data. It is on this item that one has to consider the issues which could deceive the results. Methodological errors are called Biases and their identification reflect how much one can trust the results of the study. The Bias can be understood as an error that does not take us to a true and biased conclusion and can also be random or systematic. In research, statistical tests detect the casualty action (random error), but not the systematic error (systematic distortion between the measure of a variable and its real value).Random Bias represent, in general, individual features of the population they are studying, features that are not controlled by the researcher and which could influence the results of the survey....

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“…Once a study is over, the strongest desire of researchers is promote by means of publication of scientific articles their results worldwide, in order to consolidate their position as reference in the subject. Among the most organized research teams, which in Brazil typically belong to pos-graduation programs, there are many stimuli for this mentality to prevail, like governamental funds, bonuses, advance in career, besides maintenance of the pós-graduation program accreditation (1). For most of the participants of these groups who are mostly associated to universities, the scientific research is a priority and a systematic professional activity, in which time and resources are invested.…”

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confidence: 99%

A política científica nacional e o desafio para revistas, editores e pesquisadores

Kara-Júnior¹

2013

Rev. bras.oftalmol.

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Paixão, publicação, promoção e pagamento: quais "Ps" motivam os cientistas?

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Medicine based on evidences

Medicine based on evidences

O valor da análise crítica da literatura para a atualização médica continuada

A política científica nacional e o desafio para revistas, editores e pesquisadores

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