Paired associative stimulation increases motor cortex excitability more effectively than theta-burst stimulation

Player, Michael J.; Taylor, Janet L.; Alonzo, Angelo; Loo, Colleen

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2012.03.081

Cited by 53 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such PAS protocols result in prolonged facilitation of the excitability of the motor cortex as measured by the amplitude of MEPs elicited by TMS (Player et al, 2012;Stefan et al, 2004). Changes in cortical excitability after facilitatory PAS are thought to reflect associative LTP (Stefan et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PAS25 protocol was used as previously described (Player et al, 2012). Briefly, TMS (130% RMT) to the left motor cortex was combined with electrical stimuli (200 ms duration, 300% perceptual threshold, DS7 stimulator; Digitimer, UK) to the right ulnar nerve proximal to the wrist.…”

Section: Paired Associative Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A range of brain stimulation protocols have shown the capacity to induce short-lasting motor cortical plasticity (Ziemann et al, 2008). In a prior study, we compared two stimulation protocols for which robust effects have been described-paired associative stimulation (PAS) and theta burst stimulation (TBS)-and found that more consistent changes in motor cortical excitability were induced by PAS (Player et al, 2012). PAS-induced increases in cortical excitability are considered to be at least partially dependent on associative long-term potentiation (LTP) (Stefan et al, 2002), which is modulated by BDNF through both pre-and postsynaptic mechanisms (Yoshii and Constantine-Paton, 2010), known to be crucial for neuroplasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Player

Taylor

Weickert

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several lines of evidence suggest that neuroplasticity is impaired in depression. This study aimed to compare neuroplasticity in 23 subjects with DSM-IV major depressive episode and 23 age-and gender-matched healthy controls, using an objective test that is independent of subject effort and motivation. Neuroplasticity was assessed in the motor cortex using a brain stimulation paradigm known as paired associative stimulation (PAS), which induces transient changes in motor cortical function. Motor cortical excitability was assessed before and after PAS using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to induce motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in a hand muscle. After PAS, MEP amplitudes significantly increased in healthy controls compared with depressed subjects (P ¼ 0.002). The functional significance of motor cortical changes was assessed using a motor learning task-a computerized version of the rotor pursuit task. Healthy controls also performed better on motor learning (P ¼ 0.02). BDNF blood levels and genotype were assayed to determine any relationship with motor cortical plasticity. However, PAS results did not correlate with motor learning, nor appear to be related to BDNF measures. The significance of these findings is that it provides one of the first direct demonstrations of reduced neuroplasticity in depressed subjects, using an objective test.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paired Associative Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Player

Taylor

Weickert

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

Self Cite

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such an approach has been used by many other subsequent studies employing PAS (e.g., Cirillo, Lavender, Ridding, & Semmler, 2009;Di Lazzaro et al, 2009;Fratello et al, 2006;Player, Taylor, Alonzo, & Loo, 2012). Critically, however, in all variants of PAS, the pairing of the peripheral and cortical stimulation occurs in a regular and entirely predictable manner, which would appear to make it non-optimal for inducing learning-related changes.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pulse types (paired, unpaired) were randomised in blocks of 20 to ensure no runs of either paired or unpaired pulses exceeded three successive trials. Pulses were delivered at 0.2 Hz, so that the paired stimuli were delivered at an average frequency of 0.1 Hz, which has been shown previously to induce reliable effects on cortical excitability (Kamke, Hall, et al, 2012;Kamke et al, 2014;Player et al, 2012;Sale & Mattingley, 2013). Each experimental session was conducted at approximately the same time of day to minimize the known influence of circadian factors on PAS-induced plasticity (Sale, Ridding, & Nordstrom, 2007a.…”

Section: Paired Associative Stimulation (Pas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus uncertainty enhances long-term potentiation-like plasticity in human motor cortex

Sale

Nydam

Mattingley

2017

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasticity can be induced in human cortex using paired associative stimulation (PAS), which repeatedly and predictably pairs a peripheral electrical stimulus with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the contralateral motor region. Many studies have reported small or inconsistent effects of PAS. Given that uncertain stimuli can promote learning, the predictable nature of the stimulation in conventional PAS paradigms might serve to attenuate plasticity induction. Here, we introduced stimulus uncertainty into the PAS paradigm to investigate if it can boost plasticity induction. Across two experimental sessions, participants (n = 28) received a modified PAS paradigm consisting of a random combination of 90 paired stimuli and 90 unpaired (TMS-only) stimuli. Prior to each of these stimuli, participants also received an auditory cue which either reliably predicted whether the upcoming stimulus was paired or unpaired (no uncertainty condition) or did not predict the upcoming stimulus (maximum uncertainty condition). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) evoked from abductor pollicis brevis muscle quantified cortical excitability before and after PAS. MEP amplitude increased significantly 15 minutes following PAS in the maximum uncertainty condition. There was no reliable change in MEP amplitude in the no uncertainty condition, nor between post-PAS MEP amplitudes across the two conditions. These results suggest that stimulus uncertainty boost may provide a novel means to enhance plasticity induction with the PAS paradigm in human motor cortex. To provide further support to the notion that stimulus uncertainty and prediction error promote plasticity, future studies should further explore the time course of these changes, and investigate what aspects of stimulus uncertainty are critical in boosting plasticity. Highlights• Plasticity can be induced in human cortex by repeated pairing of stimuli.• This form of induced plasticity mimics behavioral associative learning. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2• We manipulated stimulus uncertainty, which influences learning and plasticity.• When stimulus uncertainty was high, plasticity was enhanced in human motor cortex.

show abstract

The effects of individualised intermittent theta burst stimulation in the prefrontal cortex: A TMS‐EEG study

Chung

Sullivan

Rogasch

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies have highlighted variability in response to theta burst stimulation (TBS) in humans. TBS paradigm was originally developed in rodents to mimic gamma bursts coupled with theta rhythms, and was shown to elicit long‐term potentiation. The protocol was subsequently adapted for humans using standardised frequencies of stimulation. However, each individual has different rhythmic firing pattern. The present study sought to explore whether individualised intermittent TBS (Ind iTBS) could outperform the effects of two other iTBS variants. Twenty healthy volunteers received iTBS over left prefrontal cortex using 30 Hz at 6 Hz, 50 Hz at 5 Hz, or individualised frequency in separate sessions. Ind iTBS was determined using theta‐gamma coupling during the 3‐back task. Concurrent use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS‐EEG) was used to track changes in cortical plasticity. We also utilised mood ratings using a visual analogue scale and assessed working memory via the 3‐back task before and after stimulation. No group‐level effect was observed following either 30 or 50 Hz iTBS in TMS‐EEG. Ind iTBS significantly increased the amplitude of the TMS‐evoked P60, and decreased N100 and P200 amplitudes. A significant positive correlation between neurophysiological change and change in mood rating was also observed. Improved accuracy in the 3‐back task was observed following both 50 Hz and Ind iTBS conditions. These findings highlight the critical importance of frequency in the parameter space of iTBS. Tailored stimulation parameters appear more efficacious than standard paradigms in neurophysiological and mood changes. This novel approach presents a promising option and benefits may extend to clinical applications.

show abstract

Paired associative stimulation increases motor cortex excitability more effectively than theta-burst stimulation

Cited by 53 publications

References 51 publications

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Neuroplasticity in Depressed Individuals Compared with Healthy Controls

Stimulus uncertainty enhances long-term potentiation-like plasticity in human motor cortex

The effects of individualised intermittent theta burst stimulation in the prefrontal cortex: A TMS‐EEG study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About