Paints, Varnishes, and Related Products

Abstract

The complex and diversified requirements of modern industry have to a large extent removed the manufacture of paints and varnishes from the category of an art to that of a science. In most plants, the manufacturing processes are now carried out under careful laboratory control and are freely modified or revised, whenever revision is indicated, in accordance with known scientific principles. As a result, the industry has been able to offer a succession of constantly improved products through periods of fluctuation in the availability of many important raw materials, pressures for solvent replacement to meet emerging air quality standards, and extensive pigment reformulation to replace mercury and lead to conform to new federal regulations on toxicity. A most important development in the modern paint and varnish industry has been the introduction of synthetic resins as replacements for natural resins in the manufacture of varnishes and enamels. By using synthetic resins it has been possible to produce a variety of coatings that, in many cases, have important points of superiority over any of those compounded from natural resins. The synthetic vehicles are particularly distinguished by their hardness and durability and their high degree of resistance to the action of water, alkalies, and other chemical agents.

Elucidation of Structural Isomers from the Homogeneous Rhodium-Catalyzed Isomerization of Vegetable Oils

“…It offers certain advantages over the alkali-metal-based methods (), because it does not cause hydrolysis of the final product. In fact, it yields highly conjugated products, which are of considerable interest in the paint, coating, and polymer industries ( − ). Also, straightforward flash chromatographic purification affords an easy way to obtain very pure conjugated products devoid of any major amounts of residual catalyst and thus eliminates numerous issues raised by contamination.…”

“…The isomerization of vegetable oils has been the subject of increasing numbers of scientific studies in recent years. While the initial interest in the conjugation of vegetable oils was driven by the improved drying characteristics of the conjugated oils for coating and paint applications ( − ), the current focus of the research also involves the synthesis of more reactive comonomers for the preparation of bioplastics via cationic and free radical copolymerizations ( , ), as well as the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) ( , ).…”

Tung Oil-Based Production of High 3-Hydroxyhexanoate-Containing Terpolymer Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate-co-3-Hydroxyhexanoate) Using Engineered Ralstonia eutropha

“…Because of its fast drying time, it is used as a high-quality and high-speed drying oil in the production of paint, varnish, and ink [ 3 , 4 ]. However, over the past few decades, the use of drying oils has declined due to being replaced by alkyd resins and other binders [ 5 ]. Therefore, several studies have recently suggested the new application of tung oil [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Surface Resistance of Jute Fibre/Polylactic Acid Biocomposite to Wet Heat

“…It has been chosen to use common polyurethane for its affinity with cellulosic material such as wood and for its ability to resist outdoor ageing [6]. Synthetic resins are particularly notable for their hardness and durability and their high degree of resistance to the action of water [7]. A bio-based varnish made from succinic acid, Bio-SA TM , will also be tested.…”