Pain rating in the ED—a comparison between 2 scales in a Swedish hospital

Göransson, Katarina E.; Heilborn, Umut; Selberg, Josefin; Scheele, Susanna von; Djärv, Therese

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2014.12.069

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…29 , 31 Consensus groups recommend using NRS for clinical research 12 given its strengths as found in research in samples of individuals from western countries. 4 , 6 – 8 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 31 , 38 , 39 Thus, it might be reasonable to conclude that the NRS should be the measure of choice in most settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

Pathak

Sharma

Jensen

2018

PR9

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Introduction:Pain intensity is the domain most often assessed in pain research. Although the Numerical Rating Scale is recommended for use in western countries, the utility and validity of this scale, relative to others, has not been established in non–western developing countries, such as Nepal.Objectives:Here, we sought to (1) identify which of 4 commonly used pain scales is most preferred by Nepalese, (2) compare error rates, (3) determine whether preference and error rates are influenced by age or education level, and (4) evaluate construct validity of each scale using factor analysis.Methods:Two hundred two adults with musculoskeletal pain from Nepal rated their worst and average pain intensity using all 4 scales and selected their most preferred scale.Results:The results indicate that the Faces Pain Scale-Revised is the most preferred scale, followed by a Verbal Rating Scale. The Numerical Rating Scale and Visual Analogue Scale were both least preferred and had higher rates of incorrect responses, especially among the older participants. However, all the scales demonstrated adequate construct validity as measures of pain intensity among those participants who could accurately use all 4 scales.Conclusion:The findings indicate that the Faces Pain Scale-Revised should be the first choice for assessing pain intensity in Nepalese adults. Research is needed to determine whether these findings replicate in other non–western and developing countries, to identify the pain intensity measure that would be the best choice for use in cross-cultural pain research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

Pathak

Sharma

Jensen

2018

PR9

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“… 39 Registrations of pain intensity and PPT are routine in research and in clinical assessments of patients with pain. 40 – 42 The question arises if these pain characteristics are associated with the proteome of the aching muscle. Hence, this second study of CWP/FMS and healthy controls investigates the relationships between proteins of trapezius muscle biopsies, pain intensity, and PPT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific proteins of the trapezius muscle correlate with pain intensity and sensitivity – an explorative multivariate proteomic study of the trapezius muscle in women with chronic widespread pain

Olausson

Ghafouri

et al. 2016

JPR

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Chronic widespread pain (CWP) including fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has a high prevalence and is associated with prominent negative consequences. CWP/FMS exhibits morphological and functional alterations in the central nervous system. The importance of peripheral factors for maintaining the central alterations are under debate. In this study, the proteins from biopsies of the trapezius muscle from 18 female CWP/FMS patients and 19 healthy female controls were analyzed. Pain intensity and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) over the trapezius muscles were registered. Twelve proteins representing five different groups of proteins were important regressors of pain intensity in CWP/FMS (R2=0.99; P<0.001). In the regression of PPT in CWP/FMS, it was found that 16 proteins representing six groups of proteins were significant regressors (R2=0.95, P<0.05). Many of the important proteins were stress and inflammation proteins, enzymes involved in metabolic pathways, and proteins associated with muscle damage, myopathies, and muscle recovery. The altered expression of these proteins may reflect both direct and indirect nociceptive/inflammatory processes as well as secondary changes. The relative importance of the identified proteins and central alterations in CWP need to be investigated in future research. Data from this and the previous study concerning the same cohorts give support to the suggestion that peripheral factors are of importance for maintaining pain aspects in CWP/FMS.

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“…The literature generally indicates that the VAS and the NRS are interchangeable, and some studies report coherence between the VAS and NRS pain rating scales [ 4 , 60 , 61 ]; others found no coherence at specific pain levels [ 62 ]. On basis of international guidelines, literature recommendations [ 1 , 62 , 63 , 65 ], and practical applications where the NRS is seemingly easier to administer than the VAS [ 63 , 64 ] (since it requires no remedies), this study recommends using the NRS to measure pain intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery: A review of methods of pain assessment

Rasmussen

Nikolajsen

Bjørnholdt

2018

SICOT-J

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Introduction: Pain can be severe during the first days after arthroscopic surgery, and acute pain is an important outcome in clinical trials of surgical technique or anaesthetic strategy. A standardized, validated method of assessing acute postoperative pain would improve the quality of clinical studies, and facilitate systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A step on the way towards this standard is to investigate the methods most commonly used in recent literature.Methods: PubMed and CINAHL databases were searched, including studies of arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery with a primary pain-related outcome during the first postoperative week, published in English from 2012 to 2017.Results: A total of 47 studies were included, all measuring pain intensity using a pain rating scale. Most frequently used was the visual analogue scale using the anchors “no pain” and “worst pain imaginable”, with recordings at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. A total of 34 studies recorded analgesic consumption, usually as average cumulated consumption in mg. Time to first analgesic request or first pain were recorded in 11 studies, and 4 different starting points were used.Discussion: This review describes the currently most common methods of assessing acute postoperative pain in clinical trials of arthroscopic shoulder surgery involving rotator cuff repair, and the large variety of methods applied. Based on this study and international guidelines, several recommendations on how to measure and report postoperative pain outcomes in future trials are proposed.

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Pain rating in the ED—a comparison between 2 scales in a Swedish hospital

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

Specific proteins of the trapezius muscle correlate with pain intensity and sensitivity – an explorative multivariate proteomic study of the trapezius muscle in women with chronic widespread pain

Acute postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery: A review of methods of pain assessment

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Pain rating in the ED—a comparison between 2 scales in a Swedish hospital

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

The utility and validity of pain intensity rating scales for use in developing countries

Specific proteins of the trapezius muscle correlate with pain intensity and sensitivity &ndash;&nbsp;an explorative multivariate proteomic study of the trapezius muscle in women with chronic widespread pain

Acute postoperative pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery: A review of methods of pain assessment

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Specific proteins of the trapezius muscle correlate with pain intensity and sensitivity – an explorative multivariate proteomic study of the trapezius muscle in women with chronic widespread pain