Pain perception in orthodontic patients: A model considering psychosocial and behavioural aspects

Abstract

Objectives:To estimate the agreement between orthodontic pain perception, evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS), and psychosocial and behavioural aspects of pain and to estimate the impact of clinical and demographic characteristics on these aspects.Design: Cross-sectional design using non-probabilistic sampling. Setting and Sample Population:Orthodontic patients undergoing treatment at orthodontic clinics (n = 507 [63.3% women], mean age: 26.32 [SD = 11.70] years). Materials and Methods:Psychosocial and behavioural aspects of pain were evaluated using the Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI-Orthodontic). Agreement between the pain impact level assessed according to different methods was estimated using the linear-weighted Kappa (κ p ) statistic. Structural models were elaborated to estimate the impact of clinical and demographic characteristics on the psychosocial and behavioural aspects of pain. The fit of the model was evaluated, and the z test (α = 5%) was used to estimate the significance of the impact (β). Results:The agreement between VAS and MPI-Orthodontic factors was inadequate (κ p = 0.028-0.584). The fit of the structural models was adequate. Women, younger individuals, and those who reported difficulty/pain with feeding exhibited greater perception of both the psychosocial and behavioural aspects. Individuals in lower socioeconomic strata who were not satisfied with treatment and did not seek treatment voluntarily exhibited greater perception of the psychosocial aspect of pain. Conclusions:The impact of orthodontic pain on psychosocial and behavioural aspects of patients' lives is a relevant issue. Clinical and demographic characteristics contributed to these aspects; however, pain intensity as a sole measure may be insufficient for an adequate understanding of pain perception. K E Y W O R D Sorthodontics, pain, psychosocial impact

Effects of micro-osteoperforations performed with Propel system on tooth movement, pain/quality of life, anchorage loss, and root resorption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…With the aim of reducing orthodontic treatment time and side effects such as root resorption [ 1 ], pain [ 2 ], and impact on quality of life [ 3 ], several techniques used to accelerate tooth movement have excelled in orthodontics [ 4 – 6 ]. Some approaches cause cortical bone injuries and consequently increase the expression of inflammatory mediators, precursors of bone remodeling associated with orthodontic movement [ 7 – 9 ], such as corticotomies and micro-osteoperforations (MOPs).…”

Skausmas Ir Diskomfortas Ortodontinio Gydymo Breketų Sistema Metu

“…Skausmo ir diskomforto priklausomybė nuo psichosocialinių paciento savybių. Skausmo suvokimas gali priklausyti nuo paciento lyties, amžiaus, motyvacijos ir požiūrio į gydymą, nuo buvusio gydymo patirties ar emocinės būklės, tačiau šiuos veiksnius sunku ištirti, todėl įvairių tyrimų rezultatai yra skirtingi [4,5,[12][13][14].…”

“…Tradiciškai manoma, kad moterys gležnesnės ir jautresnės, o vyrai stipresni, todėl jaučia mažesnį skausmą, tačiau įvairių tyrimų rezultatai prieštaringi [4]. Pavyzdžiui, L. Campos ir kitų atliktame tyrime reikšmingai didesnį skausmą jautė moterys nei vyrai [12]. M. Jawaid ir bendraautorių tyrime vyrai jautė statistiškai reikšmingai daugiau skausmo nei moterys [5].…”

“…Jauname amžiuje, ypač paauglystėje, vyksta intensyvus psichologinis vystymasis, kurio metu jaučiamos sustiprėjusios emocijos, o kartu ir stipresnis skausmas. Be to, šiuo gyvenimo laikotarpiu pacientai dažniausiai dar nėra išlavinę skausmo valdymo strategijų [12]. Vis dėlto, amžiaus įtaką skausmo suvokimui siūloma vertinti atsargiai, kadangi skirtingo amžiaus pacientams taikomos skirtingos gydymo metodikos [4].…”

Oral mucosal ulceration during orthodontic treatment: The perception of patients and knowledge and attitude of the orthodontic practitioners

“…Persons who are not pleased with treatment and do not voluntarily seek treatment display greater observation of the psychosocial characteristic of pain. [ 10 ] And for the orthodontic care to be successful, active collaboration from the patient all the way through the obligatory extensive orthodontic procedures is required. [ 11 ]…”