Pain expression is linked to personality in horses

Ijichi, Carrie; Collins, Lisa; Elwood, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2013.12.007

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This may suggest that negative changes in affective state that can result from stressful or painful situations may be mediated by stable personality traits. However, only one study to date has focused on the impact of individual differences, such as personality on the experience and expression of pain in animals (Ijichi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also challenging to assess in animals (Merola & Mills, 2015), as it relies on human interpretation of behaviour, and pain behaviours will differ both within and between species. Whilst vets, owners and academics alike are reliant on the assumption that observable signs of pain are indicative of not only the presence of pain but also of the severity of the condition, the study by Ijichi et al (2014) challenged the reliability of this assumption .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional affect and the occurrence of owner reported health problems in the domestic dog

Reaney-Wood

Zulch

Mills

et al. 2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Interactions between health, behaviour and individual differences such as; mood, affect or personality have been studied more in humans than they have in non-human animals. In humans, links can be made between personality and the expression of health problems, and between personality, affect, coping, treatment and recovery success. Previous research with animals has shown that personality and mood interact to determine judgement bias and that personality interacts with stress responses and pain expression. This indicates that the way animals deal with life events is dependent on interactions between personality and mood and that pain behaviours observed in animals are not always reflective of disease severity. As such, reliance only on behavioural displays of pain in health assessments, without information on what may mediate or moderate that behaviour makes accurate treatment difficult.\ud \ud The aim of this study was to look at the interactions between the occurrence of health conditions in pet dogs (as reported by their owner), behaviour and the dogs’ score on core (positive and negative) affect. A survey collected information from dog owners about their dog’s breed, sex, age, past and current medical record, occurrence of behaviour, and their dog’s level of positive and negative affect. Nine hundred and forty-three responses were obtained, of which 796 were used in the analysis.\ud \ud Binomial logistic regressions were conducted, with either current or previous experience of a range of general health and pain-causing conditions included as dependent variables, and affectivity domains, aggression and age as independent variables. For most of the general health conditions (with the exception of the dental, vision and hearing problem category), only age was a predictor of both current and previous experience of a health condition. However, positive affect was associated with current experience of a pain-causing condition, with lower positive affect scores being most associated with presence of a current pain-causing condition. Only age was associated with experience of a previous condition. Finally, no difference in aggression scores was observed between dogs in any of the pain experience categories. These results provide novel findings for an association between health problems and affect in dogs

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional affect and the occurrence of owner reported health problems in the domestic dog

Reaney-Wood

Zulch

Mills

et al. 2017

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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“…Studies have shown that personality in horses affects pain expression (Ijichi et al. ), maternal behaviours (Budzyńska & Krupa ), and learning and memory performance (Christensen et al. ; Valenchon et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in both feral and wild populations) and show identifiable interindividual personality differences (Le Scolan et al 1997;Visser et al 2001;Lansade et al 2008a,b). Studies have shown that personality in horses affects pain expression (Ijichi et al 2014), maternal behaviours (Budzy nska & Krupa 2011), and learning and memory performance (Christensen et al 2012;Valenchon et al 2013 The aim of this study was to explore how social network and individual characteristics such as personality influence the organisation of collective movements in a group of domestic horses foraging on a 30-ha pasture. The studied group was entirely composed of females aged between 1 and 6 yrs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Affinities Play a Key Role in the Organisation of Collective Movements in a Group of Domestic Horses

2015

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Understanding how groups of individuals with different motives come to daily decisions about the exploitation of their environment is a key question in animal behaviour. While interindividual differences are often seen only as a threat to group cohesion, growing evidence shows that they may to some extent facilitate effective collective action. Recent studies suggest that personality differences influence how individuals are attracted to conspecifics and affect their behaviour as an initiator or a follower. However, most of the existing studies are limited to a few taxa, mainly social fish and arthropods. Horses are social herbivores that live in long-lasting groups and show identifiable personality differences between individuals. We studied a group of 38 individuals living in a 30-ha hilly pasture. Over 200 h, we sought to identify how far individual differences such as personality and affinity distribution affect the dynamic of their collective movements. First, we report that individuals distribute their relationships according to similar personality and hierarchical rank. This is the first study that demonstrates a positive assortment between unrelated individuals according to personality in a mammal species. Second, we measured individual propensity to initiate and found that bold individuals initiated more often than shy individuals. However, their success in terms of number of followers and joining duration did not depend on their individual characteristics. Moreover, joining process is influenced by social network, with preferred partners following each other and bolder individuals being located more often at the front of the movement. Our results illustrate the importance of taking into account interindividual behavioural differences in studies of social behaviours.

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“…This can be particularly difficult due to a number of other factors affecting how an individual may perceive the pain experienced, including any previous experience of pain they may have had, and when this experience occurred [57,102,103]. An individual's personality may also affect their perception of pain [104], along with their sex [54].…”

Section: Assessing Pain In Farm Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Pain Is Still a Welfare Issue for Farm Animals, and How Facial Expression Could Be the Answer

McLennan

2018

Agriculture

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Pain is a sensory and emotional experience that significantly affects animal welfare and has negative impacts on the economics of farming. Pain is often associated with common production diseases such as lameness and mastitis, as well as introduced to the animal through routine husbandry practices such as castration and tail docking. Farm animals are prey species which tend not to overtly express pain or weakness, making recognizing and evaluating pain incredibly difficult. Current methods of pain assessment do not provide information on what the animal is experiencing at that moment in time, only that its experience is having a long term negative impact on its behavior and biological functioning. Measures that provide reliable information about the animals' affective state in that moment are urgently required; facial expression as a pain assessment tool has this ability. Automation of the detection and analysis of facial expression is currently in development, providing further incentive to use these methods in animal welfare assessment.

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Pain expression is linked to personality in horses

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Emotional affect and the occurrence of owner reported health problems in the domestic dog

Emotional affect and the occurrence of owner reported health problems in the domestic dog

Personality and Affinities Play a Key Role in the Organisation of Collective Movements in a Group of Domestic Horses

Why Pain Is Still a Welfare Issue for Farm Animals, and How Facial Expression Could Be the Answer

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