Pain characteristics in Italian people with spinal cord injury: a multicentre study

Stampacchia, G.; Gerini, Adriana; Morganti, Riccardo; Felzani, Giorgio; Marani, Manuela; Massone, Antonino; Onesta, Maria Pia; Capeci, W.; Andretta, Elena; Campus, Gian Vittorio; Marchino, Carlo; Cicioni, Valentina

doi:10.1038/s41393-021-00656-y

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The prevalence of MetS significantly increased throughout the lowest to the highest tertile of NRS score. Neuropathic and/or nociceptive chronic pain symptoms represent a major complain in people with SCI [24]. Pain may further limit mobility and thus the patient's ability to engage in physical activity: the resulting drop in energy expenditure increases fat accumulation and the risk of developing comorbidities and MetS [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome in Men with Spinal Cord Injury

Giulio¹,

Castellini²,

Tienforti³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a challenge in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). We aimed at identifying clinical risk factors or early markers of MetS in SCI that would facilitate a timely diagnosis and implementation of preventive/therapeutic strategies. Methods: 168 patients with chronic (>1 year) SCI underwent clinical and biochemical evaluations. MetS was diagnosed according to modified criteria of the International Diabetes Federation validated in people with SCI. Results: MetS was diagnosed in 56 of 132 men (42.4%) and 17 of 36 women (47.2%). At univariate regression analyses, putative predictors of MetS were an older age, a higher number of comorbidities, a lower insulin-sensitivity, the presence and intensity of pain, a shorter injury duration, a poorer leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and an incomplete motor injury. At the multiple regression analysis, a significant independent association with MetS only persisted for a poorer LTPA in minutes/week (OR: 0.998, 95%CI: 0.996, 0.999) and more severe pain symptoms as assessed by numeral rating scale (OR: 1.353, 95%CI: 1.085, 1.793). Conclusions: In patients with SCI, intense pain symptoms and poor LTPA may suggest a high likelihood of MetS, regardless of age, SCI duration, motor disability degree, insu-lin-sensitivity and comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome in Men with Spinal Cord Injury

Giulio¹,

Castellini²,

Tienforti³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“… 47 Demographic variables related to NP include female sex, advanced age, and financial status. 30 , 36 , 48 An analysis of clinical data in SCI-NP patients (spinal cord injury associated with neuropathic pain) showed significantly high TNF-α/IL-6 expression and a stronger association of TNF-α with NP in SCI patients. 49 …”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,35 Among SCI patients, the incidence of nociceptive pain ranges from 40.6% to 59% and NP from 30.2% to 53%. 5,[25][26][27]32,36 Due to differences in the definition of pain, diagnostic tools, and study types, the prevalence of SCI-related NP widely varies. 37 Nociceptive pain presents as musculoskeletal pain, which is associated with pathological changes to the bones, joints, and/or muscles, resulting in pain of the arm or shoulder, or visceral pain of the abdomen involving renal calculus, bowel, and sphincter dysfunction.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spinal Cord Injury-Related Neuropathic Pain via Neuroinflammation

Huang¹,

Hu²,

Qiao³

et al. 2023

JIR

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Secondary chronic neuropathic pain (NP) in addition to sensory, motor, or autonomic dysfunction can significantly reduce quality of life after spinal cord injury (SCI). The mechanisms of SCI-related NP have been studied in clinical trials and with the use of experimental models. However, in developing new treatment strategies for SCI patients, NP poses new challenges. The inflammatory response following SCI promotes the development of NP. Previous studies suggest that reducing neuroinflammation following SCI can improve NP-related behaviors. Intensive studies of the roles of non-coding RNAs in SCI have discovered that ncRNAs bind target mRNA, act between activated glia, neuronal cells, or other immunocytes, regulate gene expression, inhibit inflammation, and influence the prognosis of NP.

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“…Neuropathic pain, especially inflammatory neuralgia, severely affects the quality of life. [ 1 ] It is commonly characterized by allodynia and anaphylaxis and is considered the most difficult pain to treat. In the inflammatory environment, the center of nociceptive sensory neurons releases many peroxides (reactive oxygen and nitrogen free radicals), inducing a strong oxidative stress response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Cascade Nanoenzyme Antagonize Inflammatory Pain by Modulating MAPK/p‐65 Signaling Pathway

et al. 2023

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Chronic pain has attracted wide interest because it is a major obstacle affecting the quality of life. Consequently, safe, efficient, and low‐addictive drugs are highly desirable. Nanoparticles (NPs) with robust anti‐oxidative stress and anti‐inflammatory properties possess therapeutic possibilities for inflammatory pain. Herein, a bioactive zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐8‐capped superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Fe3O4 NPs (SOD&Fe3O4@ZIF‐8, SFZ) is developed to achieve enhanced catalytic, antioxidative activities, and inflammatory environment selectivity, ultimately improving analgesic efficacy. SFZ NPs reduce tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (t‐BOOH)‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, thereby depressing the oxidative stress and inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory response in microglia. After intrathecal injection, SFZ NPs efficiently accumulate at the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord and significantly relieve complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)‐induced inflammatory pain in mice. Moreover, the detailed mechanism of inflammatory pain therapy via SFZ NPs is further studied, where SFZ NPs inhibit the activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p‐65 signaling pathway, leading to reductions in phosphorylated protein levels (p‐65, p‐ERK, p‐JNK, and p‐p38) and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]‐α, interleukin [IL]‐6, and IL‐1β), thereby preventing microglia and astrocyte activation for acesodyne. This study provides a new cascade nanoenzyme for antioxidant treatments and explores its potential applications as non‐opioid analgesics.

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Pain characteristics in Italian people with spinal cord injury: a multicentre study

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Clinical Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome in Men with Spinal Cord Injury

Clinical Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome in Men with Spinal Cord Injury

Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spinal Cord Injury-Related Neuropathic Pain via Neuroinflammation

Antioxidant Cascade Nanoenzyme Antagonize Inflammatory Pain by Modulating MAPK/p‐65 Signaling Pathway

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