Pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, and pain intensity impair life satisfaction through differential patterns of physical and psychological disruption

Sturgeon, John A.; Ziadni, Maisa S.; Trost, Zina; Darnall, Beth D.; Mackey, Sean

doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.09.020

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…However, even after accounting for these effects, higher pain-related injustice appraisals were still associated with worse pain-related functioning, hence attesting to their unique explanatory value. Furthermore, aligning with previous research in children (Miller et al, 2016) and adults (Sturgeon et al, 2017;Sullivan et al, 2008;Yakobov et al, 2014), our findings indicated that despite strong correlations between injustice appraisals and pain catastrophizing (r range [0.58, 0.72], ps < .01), injustice appraisals were still associated with pain-related functioning after controlling for pain-related catastrophizing, hence suggesting that pain-related injustice appraisals are distinct from catastrophic appraisals about pain and constitute an important target for intervention. Furthermore, while the effects of injustice appraisals were stronger in the clinical sample, comparable findings were observed in the school sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Child pain‐related injustice appraisals mediate the relationship between just‐world beliefs and pain‐related functioning

Daenen

McParland

Baert

et al. 2020

European Journal of Pain

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Background Research among adult and paediatric samples suggests that pain‐related injustice appraisals contribute to adverse pain‐related functioning. However, a singular focus on pain‐related injustice appraisals carries the risk of underestimating the role of broader concepts of justice. This study examined the unique roles of child pain‐related injustice appraisals and just‐world beliefs in understanding disability and physical, emotional, social and academic functioning, as well as the mediating role of injustice appraisals in the relationship between just‐world beliefs and functioning. Methods Participants comprised a school sample of 2,174 children (Study 1) and a clinical sample of 146 paediatric chronic pain patients (Study 2) who completed the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), Personal and General Belief in a Just World scales (JWB‐P/G), Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children (PCS‐C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL). Results For both samples, child pain‐related injustice appraisals were associated with poorer functioning, after controlling for just‐world beliefs, catastrophizing, pain intensity, age and sex. In the school sample, injustice appraisals mediated the associations of both personal and general just‐world beliefs with functioning. In the clinical sample, injustice appraisals mediated the association of personal, but not general, just‐world beliefs with all functioning scales. Conclusions The current findings attest to the unique role of pain‐related injustice appraisals in understanding child pain‐related functioning and their explanatory value in understanding the relationship between fundamental just‐world beliefs and child pain‐related functioning. Significance The present study adds to emerging literature on the adverse effects of child pain‐related injustice appraisals in the context of pain, through showing that pain‐related injustice appraisals are uniquely associated with pain‐related functioning and mediate the relationship between just‐world beliefs and pain‐related functioning. These findings suggest that interventions may target pain‐related injustice appraisals as a mechanism for change in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Child pain‐related injustice appraisals mediate the relationship between just‐world beliefs and pain‐related functioning

Daenen

McParland

Baert

et al. 2020

European Journal of Pain

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“…Our results indicated a strong correlation between scores on the Daily IEQ and Daily PCS; this finding is not surprising and echoes prior findings suggesting a considerable degree of overlap between these constructs (Sturgeon et al., 2017; Sullivan et al., 2008). It is notable that, despite high correlations between these variables at both the individual cluster and daily level, there was a weaker correlation between Daily IEQ and PCS scores at the daily level (approximately 55% shared variance, compared to 72.7% shared variance at the individual cluster level).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…There are predictable patterns of negative cognitive appraisal that can develop out of a complex and often treatment‐resistant medical condition such as chronic pain. For example, individuals who endorse a stronger belief that their pain symptoms reflect a catastrophic personal experience are vulnerable to a greater degree of symptom intensity and burden (Edwards et al., 2011; Scott et al., 2014; Sturgeon et al., 2017; Sullivan et al., 2001; Westman et al., 2011) and show impaired recovery across time (Scott et al., 2014; Sullivan et al, 2011; Westman et al., 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a daily Injustice Experience Questionnaire

Sturgeon

Seward

Rumble

et al. 2020

European Journal of Pain

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Background Patterns of cognitive appraisal related to chronic pain may manifest differentially across time due to a variety of factors, but variability of injustice appraisals across time has not been examined. The current study details the validation of a brief, daily version of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), which measures injustice appraisals related to the experience of pain and disability. Methods Injustice Experience Questionnaire items were adapted for daily use and evaluated using cognitive interviews, and the resulting measure was administered for 10 days to two Internet‐based samples of US adults with chronic lower back pain. Results Study 1 (N = 126) refined the 12‐item IEQ measure into a six‐item short form; exploratory factor analyses suggested optimal model fit for the two‐factor model established in the original IEQ. Using confirmatory factor analyses, Study 2 (N = 131) replicated the two‐factor structure and demonstrated significant correlations of the Daily IEQ with other relevant constructs to chronic pain, such as pain catastrophizing, pain intensity, pain‐related activity and social interference, depressed mood and anxiety. Daily IEQ items showed a significant degree of clustering (intraclass correlations ranging from .577 to .735) but demonstrated sufficient variability at the daily level to allow for daily‐level analysis. Conclusions Injustice appraisals show a sufficient degree of daily variability to warrant their measurement as a time‐varying construct. Further examination of antecedents and correlates of daily injustice appraisals, as well as their potential role as mechanisms of effect, may better explain the dynamics of affective and behavioral responses to chronic pain. Significance The current study presents a validation of a daily version of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire in chronic low back pain. Results indicate that injustice appraisals vary significantly from day to day, and daily variability in injustice perception shows robust associations with pain intensity, pain‐related interference in physical and social activity, and mood in chronic low back pain. These results emphasize the importance of assessing injustice perception as a time‐varying, rather than stable construct in future empirical and clinical studies.

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“…As the fully specified models were fully saturated, model fit indices indicated perfect fit and are therefore not reported. Given the strong theoretical relationship between pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice, 56,58 these factors were freed to covary in all fully specified models.…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injustice Appraisal, but not Pain Catastrophizing, Mediates the Relationship Between Perceived Ethnic Discrimination and Depression and Disability in Low Back Pain

Ziadni

Sturgeon

Bissell

et al. 2020

The Journal of Pain

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Despite growing evidence of significant racial disparities in the experience and treatment of chronic pain, the mechanisms by which these disparities manifest have remained relatively understudied. The current study examined the relationship between past experiences of racial discrimination and painrelated outcomes (self-rated disability and depressive symptomatology) and tested the potential mediating roles of pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice related to pain. Analyses consisted of cross-sectional path modeling in a multiracial sample of 137 individuals with chronic low back pain (Hispanics: n = 43; blacks: n = 43; whites: n = 51). Results indicated a positive relationship between prior discriminatory experiences and severity of disability and depressive symptoms. In mediation analyses, pain-related appraisals of injustice, but not pain catastrophizing, were found to mediate these relationships. Notably, the association between discrimination history and perceived injustice was significantly stronger in black and Hispanic participants and was not statistically significant in white participants. The findings suggest that race-based discriminatory experiences may contribute to racial disparities in pain outcomes and highlight the specificity of pain-related, injustice-related appraisals as a mechanism by which these experiences may impair physical and psychosocial function. Future research is needed to investigate temporal and causal mechanisms suggested by the model through longitudinal and clinical intervention studies. Perspective: More frequent prior experiences of racial discrimination are associated with greater depressive symptomatology and pain-related disability in individuals with chronic low back pain. These associations are explained by the degree of injustice perception related to pain, but not pain catastrophizing, and were stronger among black and Hispanic participants.

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Pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, and pain intensity impair life satisfaction through differential patterns of physical and psychological disruption

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

Child pain‐related injustice appraisals mediate the relationship between just‐world beliefs and pain‐related functioning

Child pain‐related injustice appraisals mediate the relationship between just‐world beliefs and pain‐related functioning

Development and validation of a daily Injustice Experience Questionnaire

Injustice Appraisal, but not Pain Catastrophizing, Mediates the Relationship Between Perceived Ethnic Discrimination and Depression and Disability in Low Back Pain

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