Pain and Problem Behavior in Cats and Dogs

Mills, Daniel S.; Demontigny-Bédard, Isabelle; Gruen, Margaret E.; Klinck, Mary P.; McPeake, Kevin; Barcelos, Ana Maria; Hewison, Lynn; Haevermaet, Himara Van; Denenberg, Sagi; Hauser, Hagar; Koch, Colleen S.; Ballantyne, Kelly C.; Wilson, C. A.; Mathkari, Chirantana V; Pounder, Julia; García, Elena; Darder, Patrícia; Fatjó, Jaume; Levine, Emily D.

doi:10.3390/ani10020318

Cited by 104 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The general health of the dog should be noted, as painful medical conditions or illness can contribute to aggressive behaviour. 21 Dogs may show pain-induced aggression which may not easily be recognised by the caregiver, highlighting the importance of regular professional veterinary assessments even if the dog is perceived to be healthy. In addition, any previous instances of aggression and nervousness should be enquired about, as a history of aggressive behaviour is a risk factor for future bites.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet dog bites in children: management and prevention

Jakeman

Oxley

Owczarczak‐Garstecka

2020

bmjpo

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Dog bite injuries are a significant public health problem and many are sustained by children. These injuries can be complex, both physically and psychologically, and in rare cases fatal. This paper will review current evidence-based approaches to treatment, explore identified patterns in biting incidents and discuss the effectiveness of prevention strategies. Safe management of these patients requires a comprehensive approach. Physical injuries need to be accurately assessed with a high index of suspicion for underlying injuries, particularly in younger children less able to communicate. Treatment depends on severity and location, but all bites must be irrigated to reduce the risk of infection but may not always require prophylactic antibiotic use. Careful exploration of the circumstances in which the bite occurred is essential to make safeguarding decisions and prevent future bites. Reducing the incidence of paediatric dog bites requires education of both children and parents that any dog can bite, regardless of breed, and all child–dog interactions must be highly supervised. However, education alone is unlikely to prevent dog bites. Policies that support environmental changes need to be developed such as provision of pet dogs less likely to bite (or bite as severely), through breeding for temperament and appropriate socialisation. Additionally, investment in psychological support for bite victims and their families is required to reduce the long-term impacts of being bitten.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet dog bites in children: management and prevention

Jakeman

Oxley

Owczarczak‐Garstecka

2020

bmjpo

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“…For example, there is report of comorbidity between separation anxiety and noise phobia [ 47 ] and noise phobia may be comorbid with musculoskeletal pain [ 48 ]. A recent study also reported a high prevalence of pain in dogs seen in specialist behaviour practices [ 49 ]. Trainers reported seeing signs of distress when dogs were able to see their owners but unable to access them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Disease or Preventable Problem? Australian Dog Trainers’ Opinions about Canine Separation Anxiety Differ with Training Style

Hunter¹,

Rooy²,

McArthur

et al. 2020

Animals

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Separation anxiety is common. Many dog owners do not seek help from a veterinarian but might consult a trainer. The objective of this study was to investigate Australian trainers’ opinions about separation anxiety. An online survey was distributed via training organisations, resulting in 63 completed surveys. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact tests were applied. Respondents were grouped into reward-based (n = 41) and balanced (n = 22) trainers. Most trainers (82.5%) used multiple methods to identify separation anxiety but only 7.9% referred to a veterinarian for diagnosis. Reward-based trainers ranked assistance from a veterinarian and owner’s willingness to try medication as more important than balanced trainers (p < 0.05). More balanced trainers reported that medication was rarely necessary in the cases they saw: 50% balanced compared with 4.9% reward-based trainers, with 95% CIs of [28.2, 71.8] and [0.6, 16.5], respectively. Almost all (95.5%) balanced trainers believed separation anxiety was preventable compared with 52.6% of reward-based trainers (p < 0.05). We conclude that opinions about separation anxiety varied between reward-based and balanced trainers. Trainers are not taught, expected, or legally allowed to diagnose anxiety disorders. This study showed that balanced trainers were less likely to recommend involvement of veterinarians who can make a diagnosis and rule out other causes of observed behaviours.

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“…There are even some misconceptions on how different dog breeds perceive pain (17). Aside from the concerns surrounding ameliorating pain, one must also consider the role that pain plays in problem behaviors (18).…”

Section: Peri-operative Pain Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical and Behavioral Relationships With Welfare

Bain¹

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Veterinarians perform surgery for a number of reasons, from treating a problem to preventing future problems. There is an inextricable link between the physical and psychological aspects of an animal's health, and surgery is often a conduit to bridge that gap. Some surgical procedures can affect an animal's behavior, such as castration, and some pose an ethical dilemma, such as ear cropping and declawing. Ameliorating pain, decreasing stressful experiences for the animal, and identifying and treating concurrent problem behaviors are hallmarks of improving animal welfare. The purpose of this article is to outline some of these interrelationships and ethical dilemmas, providing evidence-based verification as applicable.

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Pain and Problem Behavior in Cats and Dogs

Cited by 104 publications

References 56 publications

Pet dog bites in children: management and prevention

Pet dog bites in children: management and prevention

Mental Health Disease or Preventable Problem? Australian Dog Trainers’ Opinions about Canine Separation Anxiety Differ with Training Style

Surgical and Behavioral Relationships With Welfare

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