Pain and dissociation in the cold pressor test: A study of hypnotic analgesia with "hidden reports" through automatic key pressing and automatic talking.

Hilgard, Ernest R.; Morgan, Arlene H.; Macdonald, Hugh

doi:10.1037/h0076654

Cited by 143 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further supporting evidence has been given by studies on somatic pain analgesia where hypnosis reduced activity of the anterior cingulate cortex, but not that of the somatosensory cortex [65] . This dissociation of sensory and affective components of pain under hypnosis would also be consistent with the new "dissociation theory" to explain the effectiveness of hypnotherapy in psychopathology [1,8,66] . There is growing evidence that patients with IBS, functional chest pain and probably functional dyspepsia show increased levels of vigilance toward gut pain related sensations, easily interpreting them as symptoms of disease as a consequence [62,67,68] .…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Hypnosis and Hypnotherapysupporting

confidence: 55%

Hypnosis and upper digestive function and disease

Chiarioni¹,

Palsson²

2008

WJG

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Hypnosis is a therapeutic technique that primarily involves attentive receptive concentration. Even though a small number of health professionals are trained in hypnosis and lingering myths and misconceptions a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h i s m e t h o d h a v e h a m p e r e d its widespread use to treat medical conditions, hypnotherapy has gained relevance as an effective treatment for irritable bowel syndrome not responsive to standard care. More recently, a few studies have addressed the potential influence of hypnosis on upper digestive function and disease. This paper reviews the efficacy of hypnosis in the modulation of upper digestive motor and secretory function. The present evidence of the effectiveness of hypnotherapy as a treatment for functional and organic diseases of the upper bowel is also summarized, coupled with a discussion of potential mechanisms of its therapeutic action.

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Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Hypnosis and Hypnotherapysupporting

confidence: 55%

Hypnosis and upper digestive function and disease

Chiarioni¹,

Palsson²

2008

WJG

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“…Three major aspects defi ne hypnotic states: (1) absorption, (2) dissociation and (3) suggestibility. Furthermore hypnosis is (4) mostly goal-oriented and aimed at changing, in hypnotic states (5) the 'hidden observer' (Hilgard, Morgan and MacDonald, 1975) can be present, hypnosis works (6) with regression and progression. Hypnosis mainly works (7) with bottom-down activation, and hypnosis is an active process, the hypnotist (8) does something, especially in the phase of induction.…”

Section: Hypnosis and Mindfulness: Possible Contributions Emerging Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and the mindful therapist: possible contributions to hypnosis

Harrer¹

2009

Contemporary Hypnosis

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Mindfulness, an old Buddhist practice, has gained an importance in psychotherapy such as in Hakomi, cognitive therapy or in 'Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction'.Mindfulness is described as being composed of four essential components: (1) attention, concentration, meta-awareness, (2) the internal observer and disidentifi cation, (3) attention to the present moment and beginner's mind, (4) acceptance, equanimity and nonjudging. Hypnosis and mindfulness relate to each other in a complementary way in many dimensions and create spectrums between: (1) absorption -open awareness, (2) dissociation -disidentifi cation, (3) suggestibility -consensus consciousness -awakening, (4) goal-and change-orientation -exploration -equanimity and acceptance, (5) lack of consciousness -hidden observer -internal observer, (6) regression -progressionexperiencing the present moment, (7) top-down-interventions -bottom-up-interventions, (8) doing-mode -being-mode. In hypnosis these full spectrums can be used. Moreover, in the dimension of the therapeutic relationship, a mindful therapist can be benefi cial for the therapeutic process, for example to support mindfulness and the internal observer and acceptance in the client and for the creation of corrective experiences. Aspects of interpersonal neurobiology of mindfulness and diffi culties in making a comparison between hypnosis and mindfulness at the neurophysiological level are discussed. Copyright

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“…Es wird eine amnesieartige Barriere zwischen getrennten Strömen der Aufmerksamkeit angenommen, so daß Schmerzwahrnehmung auf mehreren, voneinander entkoppelten, kognitiven Ebenen erfolgt. Hilgard et al [1975] nahmen an, diese Entkoppelung experimentell nachweisen zu können. Hypnotisierte Probanden berichteten in ihrem offenen Verhalten dramatisch reduzierte Schmerzwahrnehmungen, während sie im verdeckten Bericht (über automatisiertes Tastendrücken, das nicht im Aufmerksamkeitsfokus stand) nur mäßige Schmerzreduktion angaben.…”

Section: Psychologische Wirkfaktorenunclassified

“…Shor, 1962;Hilgard et al, 1974;Sarbin und Slagle, 1979], neurochemischen [z. B. Goldstein und Hilgard, 1975;Barber und Mayer, 1977] so: «This raises the possibility that biofeedback training is effective largly because it provides subjects with contingent success experiences on a highly credible therapeutic task, not because it enables subjects to reduce EMG levels«. So gesehen ist die Steigerung der Selbstwirksamkeit [self-efficacy im Sinne von Bandura, 1977] …”

Section: Psychologische Wirkfaktorenunclassified

Wirksamkeit und Wirkfaktoren psychologischer Schmerztherapie: Eine Übersicht

Ruoss¹

1998

Verhaltenstherapie

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Pain and dissociation in the cold pressor test: A study of hypnotic analgesia with "hidden reports" through automatic key pressing and automatic talking.

Cited by 143 publications

References 16 publications

Hypnosis and upper digestive function and disease

Hypnosis and upper digestive function and disease

Mindfulness and the mindful therapist: possible contributions to hypnosis

Wirksamkeit und Wirkfaktoren psychologischer Schmerztherapie: Eine Übersicht

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