Pain and Anxiety During Burn Dressing Changes: Concordance Between Patients?? and Nurses?? Ratings and Relation to Medication Administration and Patient Variables

Geisser, Michael E.; Bingham, Hal G.

doi:10.1097/00004630-199503000-00016

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Clinical observations and research suggest that procedural pain-associated anxiety may increase over time in patients with burn injures, 35 this is also evident in this study in which pain during dressing changes were described as most excruciating and the descriptions seem closely related to anxiety. This is an important implication for clinical practice because other studies also have found strong correlations among pain, psychological distress, and physical and psychological outcomes in burn-injured children 36 and adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Memories of Pain After Burn Injury—The Patientʼs Experience

Tengvall

Wickman

Wengström

2010

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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Pain after burns is a major clinical problem and researchers continue to report that burn pain remains undertreated. Adequate pain management could contribute to the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder and can give a growing sense of patients' self-confidence and strength. Freedom from pain might be unrealistic, but the objective should be to reduce pain as much as possible. The purpose of this study was to describe burn patients' experiences and memories of pain during burn care and to acquire a deeper understanding of how patients cope with the experience. The study method was qualitative and interviews were conducted with 12 adult burn patients (eight men and four women) 6 to 12 months postburn (mean = 7 months). The mean burn size for the group was 10.6% mean of TBSA and the mean stay in hospital was 16 days. The interviews were analyzed using Kvales' method for structuring analysis. The patients' experiences and memories of pain during the trajectory of care were clearly described by the informants during the interviews. Four themes were identified for pain: becoming aware of pain, allowing oneself to feel pain, different pain experiences, and fragile body surface. Four themes were identified for coping: pragmatic coping, allowing someone to care for you, carrying the pain, and perspectives on the trauma. Both good and bad memories were recorded during the care trajectory, and it is evident that the patient has to carry the pain experience by themselves to a large extent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Memories of Pain After Burn Injury—The Patientʼs Experience

Tengvall

Wickman

Wengström

2010

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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“…Burns are one of the most painful types of trauma, 2 and pain management for this injury is a well-documented problem in all aspects of recovery. [3][4][5][6][7] Specifically, pain control is a common obstacle limiting occupational and physical therapy treatments. 8 Patients with burns experience "resting pain" secondary to tissue damage and "procedural pain" caused by interventions such as wound care and range-of-motion exercises.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,6,7 Research has demonstrated that anxiety and pain are interrelated 3,5,7,10 and that an individual's level of anxiety directly influences his or her perception of pain. 5,7 This concept is supported by the gate control theory of pain, which states that there is a gating mechanism in the nervous system that can block the transmission of pain sensation at the level of the spinal cord.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Burn Pain and Anxiety: The Use of Music Relaxation During Rehabilitation

Ferguson

Voll

2004

The Journal of Burn Care &Amp; Rehabilitation

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Pain and anxiety are well-documented problems during the rehabilitation of patients with burns. This study examined the effect of music on anxiety and pain during range of motion. Eleven subjects with partial-thickness or deeper burns were randomly assigned to a control group (without music intervention) or experimental group (with music intervention). Vital signs, pain, and anxiety were recorded before and after treatments. There was no difference in pretest and posttest anxiety across the groups; however, there was a difference in anxiety between the groups. Conversely, there was a difference in pretest and posttest pain across the groups but no difference in pain between the groups. Results showed no significant reduction in anxiety and pain during therapy with music relaxation. Limitations included nonhomogenous groups, small sample size, potentially unrepresentative sample, variation in exercise protocol, and small musical selection. Further research is recommended.

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“…211 Observational ratings of pain, however, have been found to be unreliable for both adults and children with acute burn injuries. [212][213][214][215] Pain intensity during hospitalization for burn injuries varies greatly both within patients and across patients over time. This was first reported in a seminal study of 37 hospitalized burn patients by Choiniere et al 177 and later in studies of 47 acute patients over 10 days of burn treatment 178 and 27 acute patients over 5 days.…”

Section: Diagnosticmentioning

confidence: 99%