Paid Parental Leave and Children's Schooling Outcomes

Danzer, Natalia; Lavy, Victor

doi:10.1111/ecoj.12493

Cited by 69 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Many of these studies fail to find an effect of longer maternity leave mandates on these outcomes (Baker & Milligan, ; Dustmann & Schonberg, ; Rasmussen, ). Some studies find positive long‐term cognitive effects only on children with highly‐educated mothers (Danzer & Lavy, ; Liu & Nordstrom, ).…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Child Health in Elementary School Following California's Paid Family Leave Program

Lichtman-Sadot¹,

Bell²

2017

J Policy Anal Manage

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We evaluate changes in elementary school children health outcomes following the introduction of California’s Paid Family Leave (PFL) program, which provided parents with paid time off following the birth of a child. Our health outcomes--overweight, ADHD, and hearing-related problems--are characterized by diagnosis rates that only pick up during early elementary school. Moreover, our health outcomes have been found to be negatively linked with many potential implications of extended maternity leave--increased breastfeeding, prompt medical checkups at infancy, reduced prenatal stress, and reduced non-parental care during infancy. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Studies (ECLS) within a difference-in-differences framework, our results suggest improvements in health outcomes among California elementary school children following PFL’s introduction. Furthermore, the improvements are driven by children from less advantaged backgrounds, which is consistent with the notion that California’s PFL had the greatest effect on leave-taking duration after childbirth mostly for less advantaged mothers who previously could not afford to take unpaid leave.

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Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Child Health in Elementary School Following California's Paid Family Leave Program

Lichtman-Sadot¹,

Bell²

2017

J Policy Anal Manage

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“…Dustmann andSchönberg 2012, Danzer andLavy 2018). Since the treatment for entire families is determined by a child's date of birth 9…”

Section: Empirical Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paid parental leave and families’ living arrangements

2018

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may Paid Parental Leave and Families' Living Arrangements MAY 2018Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.Schaumburg-Lippe-Straße 5-9 53113 Bonn, Germany arrangements. The German reform we examine replaced a means-tested benefit with a universal transfer paid out for a shorter period. Combining a regression discontinuity with a difference-in-differences design, we find that the reform increased the probability that a newborn lives with non-married cohabiting parents. This effect results from a reduced risk of single parenthood among women who gained from the reform. We reject the economic independence hypothesis and argue that the reform effects for those who benefited from the reform are consistent with hypotheses related to the improved financial situation of new mothers after the reform and increased paternal involvement in childcare. Their results are inconsistent. For Sweden, Avdic and Karimi (forthcoming) examine the effect of introducing a daddy month on marital stability and find that the reform increased the risk of marital separation three years after childbirth by about eight percent. For Iceland, Olafsson and Steingrimsdottir (2016) show that extending parental leave by up to three months that are reserved for fathers decreased the risk of divorce within ten years after childbirth.Only a few studies examine the effects of public policies on children's living arrangements. For instance, Acs and Nelson (2004) investigate the effect of specific elements of TANF on children's and wome...

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“…Le fait que les pères de famille ne semblent pas devoir subir les mêmes difficultés que les femmes, par exemple, peut traduire le fait que, étant plus soumis à des conséquences négatives en cas de congé parental, ceux-ci choisissent moins souvent de faire valoir leur droit aux congés parentaux ou alors sur des durées beaucoup plus courtes. Des études ont en effet montré que la rupture de la norme du travailleur idéal était beaucoup plus sanctionnée pour les hommes que pour les femmes (Coltrane et al, 2013 [24]) et réduisait d'autant plus drastiquement leurs perspectives d'emploi.…”

Section: Barrières à La Formationunclassified

“…Au total, le fait d'avoir trois enfants ou plus diminue de 16 points de pourcentage la probabilité pour les femmes de participer à une formation par rapport aux femmes sans enfant, contre une diminution de 8 points de pourcentage pour les hommes dans la même situation. lien entre participation à des formations et nombre d'enfants s'explique en partie par des questions de gestion du temps : plus les parents ont d'enfants, moins ils disposent de temps disponible, en dehors de leurs horaires de travail, pour mener des activités personnelles24 . Il pourrait également s'expliquer par un effet d'âge : parmi les adultes de 16 à 65 ans, plus les adultes ont d'enfants, plus ils sont, en moyenne, âgés par rapport au reste de la population.…”

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“…Il pourrait également s'expliquer par un effet d'âge : parmi les adultes de 16 à 65 ans, plus les adultes ont d'enfants, plus ils sont, en moyenne, âgés par rapport au reste de la population. Or il est possible que l'appétence pour les formations diminue23 Base de données de l'OCDE sur la famille, indicateurs PF 2.1 et PF 3.2 24. La difficulté ne provient pas seulement du volume horaire que les parents doivent dégager pour participer à de telles formations, mais aussi des conditions pratiques d'organisation de ces formations qui peuvent engendrer des perturbations de la routine familiale qui sont plus difficiles à gérer pour les parents de famille nombreuse que pour les autres adultes : lieu de formation trop éloigné, plages horaires de la formation non flexibles, etc.…”

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