PAHs in corn grains submitted to drying with firewood

Lima, Rafael Friedrich de; Dionello, Rafael Gomes; Peralba, Maria do Carmo Ruaro; Barrionuevo, Simone; Radünz, Lauri Lourenço; Júnior, Francisco Wilson Reichert

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.164

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Another important factor is that the incomplete combustion of wood can generate toxic gases, such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Lima et al (2017) affirmed that these organic compounds are classified as environmental pollutants, since they are non-biodegradable, and are also known to have carcinogenic potential. Thus, the use of residues as grain drying fuels can minimize environmental impacts, contributing to more sustainable agricultural activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic analysis of low-temperature grain drying

Santana¹,

Lopes²,

Neto

2020

Emir J Food Agric

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The main objective of this study was to simulate the economic feasibility of low-temperature grain drying systems considering Brazilian conditions and using three drying capacities, seven grain types and two furnace fuels. For this, 42 scenarios were simulated and compared among themselves by using an economic analysis based on the cash flow model with project lifetime of 20 years. The indices net present value, payback period, benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return were applied during the analyses. Simulations showed that drying of coffee and beans in large systems presented higher economic feasibility, regardless of the furnace fuel used. All simulated scenarios were cost-effective provided that at least two drying cycles are performed per year. Labor costs, social taxes, grain type and drying capacity most affected the profitability of this kind of investment, while the furnace fuel less influenced the evaluated economic indices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic analysis of low-temperature grain drying

Santana¹,

Lopes²,

Neto

2020

Emir J Food Agric

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“…The presence of these PAHs in kolanuts is due to the migration of PAHs from smoke from wood fires. Indeed, several studies had previously described, the incomplete combustion processes of organic matter, especially wood, generates the formation of various types of PAHs [45].…”

Section: The Results Show That the Contents Of B[b]f And B[a]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Rodrigue

Biego

Yves

et al. 2020

JALSI

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pervasive environmental pollutants of high toxicity. Due to their lipophilic characteristics, they tend to accumulate in the food chain. Human exposure to PAHs seems inevitable and the main route of exposure is food. The presence of PAHs in kolanut could cause serious health problem for consumers and slow down the export to new markets, which would constitute a significant shortfall for all actors in the kola sector.This study aimed to detrmined the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in kolanuts and estimate the exposure risks of nuts consumption by Ivorian population. Samples were collected from farmers, rural collectors, urban stores in districts (Mountains, Comoe, Lagoons, Down-Sassandra) and big storage centers of Anyama and Bouake cities. Concentrations of 9 PAHs (B[a]P, B[b]F, B[a]A, CHR, FLA, B[k]F, D[ah]A, B[ghi]P and IcdP) were measured using an Adept brand High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) / visible CE 4200 (CECIL) detector. Data showed the average concentration of PAHs in kolanuts at 1.22 ± 0.86 µg/kg. The PAHs concentrations expressed in BaP equivalent (BaPeq) ranging from 0.0009 ± 0.0003 µg/kg-BaPeq to 0.88 ± 0.24 µg/kg-BaPeq for B[ghi] P and D[ah]A. Based on the concentrations and the daily consumption of kolanuts estimated at 0.6 g/person in Côte d'Ivoire, the intakes values estimated of PAHs vary from 6.10-5 µg-BaPeq /day to 6.48.10-4 µg-BaPeq/day with an average of 3.06.10-4 ± 6.6.10-5 µg-BaPeq/day. The exposure daily doses (EDD) are all lower than the toxicity reference values (5 ng-BaPeq/kg BW/d). Thus, the occurrence of a toxic effect from PAHs after kolanuts consumption is very unlikely since the hazard quotient (HQ) are all less than 1. The risk of developing cancer is less than one case per 1,000,000 people.

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“…One possible explanation is that mate contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are known to be carcinogenic. PAHs are a group of substances which comprise fused aromatic rings, formed through incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of any kind of organic matter, such as oil or firewood [22], [23]. Foods processing methods, particular smoking or heat treatments at high temperatures, such as drying, roasting, grilling, frying, etc., create PAHs particulates, which accumulate in the lipid tissue of organic products, such as meat, herbs etc.. On consumption, PAHs can be actively engaged in metabolic activation in human cells and tissues and develop mutations of the genetic material DNA [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Refuse-Derived Fuel ThermoChemical Conversion in a Waste-to-Energy Plant

Costa¹,

Curcio²,

Piazzullo³

et al. 2017

Waste Energy and Management

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The aim of SEEP2017 is to bring together the researches within the field of sustainable energy and environmental protection from all over the world.The contributed papers are grouped in 18 sessions in order to provide access to readers out of 300 contributions prepared by authors from 52 countries.We thank the distinguished plenary and keynote speakers and chairs who have kindly consented to participate at this conference. We are also grateful to all the authors for their papers and to all committee members.We believe that scientific results and professional debates shall not only be an incentive for development, but also for making new friendships and possible future scientific development projects. The footprint assessment techniques has provided a set of tools enabling the evaluation of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) -including CO2, emissions and the corresponding effective flows on the world scale. From all such indicators, the energy footprint represents the area of forest that would be required to absorb the GHG emissions resulting from the energy consumption required for a certain activity, excluding the proportion absorbed by the oceans, and the area occupied by hydroelectric dams and reservoirs for hydropower.An overview of the virtual GHG flow trends in the international trade, associating the GHG and water footprints with the consumption of goods and services is performed. Several important indications have been obtained: (a) There are significant GHG gaps between producer's and consumer's emissions -US and EU have high absolute net imports GHG budget. (b) China is an exporting country and increasingly carries a load of GHG emission and virtual water export associated with consumption in the relevant importing countries. (c) International trade can reduce global environmental pressure by redirecting import to products produced with lower intensity of GHG emissions and lower water footprints, or producing them domestically.To develop self-sufficient regions based on more efficient processes by combining neighbouring countries can be a promising development. A future direction should be focused on two main areas: (1) To provide the self-sufficient regions based on more efficient processes by combining production of surrounding countries. (2) To develop the shared mechanism and market share of virtual carbon between trading partners regionally and internationally. HAKAN SERHAD SOYHAN 4 Development in energy sector, technological advancements, production and consumption amounts in the countries and environmental awareness give shape to industry of energy. When the dependency is taken into account in terms of natural resources and energy, there are many risks for countries having no fossil energy sources. Renewable and clean sources of energy and optimal use of these resources minimize environmental impacts, produce minimum secondary wastes and are sustainable based on current and future economic and social societal needs. Sun is one of the main energy sources in recent years. Light and heat of sun are used in...

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PAHs in corn grains submitted to drying with firewood

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Economic analysis of low-temperature grain drying

Economic analysis of low-temperature grain drying

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Kolanuts (Cola nitida Schott & Amp; Endl) Daily Intake Exposure Risk from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Numerical Simulation of Refuse-Derived Fuel ThermoChemical Conversion in a Waste-to-Energy Plant

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