PAHs and fish—exposure monitoring and adverse effects—from molecular to individual level

Cousin, Xavier; Cachot, Jérôme

doi:10.1007/s11356-014-3161-8

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…They originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources such as volcanoes, forest fires, cigarette smoke, and motorized vehicles (ATSDR, 1995). PAHs can enter aquatic ecosystems through soil erosion or runoff, atmospheric depositions, industrial effluent, or oil spills, and tend to accumulate in aquatic sediments over time (Cousin and Cachot, 2014). Due to urban expansion and increased use of automobiles, the concentration of these compounds in aquatic environments is steadily increasing (Lima et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bioenergetics assay for studying the effects of environmental stressors on mitochondrial function in vivo in zebrafish larvae

Raftery

Jayasundara

Giulio

2017

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Mitochondria, an integral component of cellular energy metabolism and other key functions, are extremely vulnerable to damage by environmental stressors. Although methods to measure mitochondrial function in vitro exist, sensitive, medium- to high-throughput assays that assess respiration within physiologically-relevant whole organisms are needed to identify drugs and/or chemicals that disrupt mitochondrial function, particularly at sensitive early developmental stages. Consequently, we have developed and optimized an assay to measure mitochondrial bioenergetics in zebrafish larvae using the XFe24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. To prevent larval movement from confounding oxygen consumption measurements, we relied on MS-222-based anesthetization. We obtained stable measurement values in the absence of effects on average oxygen consumption rate and subsequently optimized the use of pharmacological agents for metabolic partitioning. To confirm assay reproducibility we demonstrated that triclosan, a positive control, significantly decreased spare respiratory capacity. We then exposed zebrafish from 5 hours post-fertilization (hpf) – 6 days post-fertilization (dpf) to three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), phenanthrene (Phe), and fluoranthene (FL) – and measured various fundamental parameters of mitochondrial respiratory chain function, including maximal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial respiration. Exposure to all three PAHs decreased spare respiratory capacity and maximal respiration. Additionally, Phe exposure increased non-mitochondrial respiration and FL exposure decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased non-mitochondrial respiration. Overall, this whole organism-based assay provides a platform for examining mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo at critical developmental stages. It has important implications in biomedical sciences, toxicology and ecophysiology, particularly to examine the effects of environmental chemicals and/or drugs on mitochondrial bioenergetics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bioenergetics assay for studying the effects of environmental stressors on mitochondrial function in vivo in zebrafish larvae

Raftery

Jayasundara

Giulio

2017

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…Polycyclic (polynuclear) aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a group of over 100 chemical species but only about 16 of them are listed as priority PAHs by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are so frequently monitored. The 16 priority PAHs have been reported to be toxic and carcinogenic ( Cousin and Cachot, 2014 ; Das et al., 2014 ; Abdel-Shafy and Mansour, 2016 ; Okedere et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Common Anthropogenic Air Pollutants: Sources and Adverse Effmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of anthropogenic air emissions in Nigeria - A review

Okedere

Elehinafe

Oyelami

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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This study presents a review of sources and atmospheric levels of anthropogenic air emissions in Nigeria with a view to reviewing the existence or otherwise of national coordination aimed at mitigating the continued increase. According to individual researcher's reports, the atmospheric loading of anthropogenic air pollutants is currently on an alarming increase in Nigeria. Greater concerns are premised on the inadequacy existing emission inventories, continuous assessment, political will and development of policy plans for effective mitigation of these pollutants. The identified key drivers of these emissions include gas flaring, petroleum product refining, thermal plants for electricity generation, transportation, manufacturing sector, land use changes, proliferation of small and medium enterprises, medical wastes incineration, municipal waste disposal, domestic cooking, bush burning and agricultural activities such as land cultivation and animal rearing. Having identified the key sources of anthropogenic air emissions and established the rise in their atmospheric levels through aggregation of literature reports, this study calls for a review of energy policy, adoption of best practices in the management air emissions and solid wastes as well as agriculture and land use pattern which appear to be the rallying points of all identified sources of emission. The study concluded that the adoption of cleaner energy policies and initiatives in energy generation and usage as against pursuit of thermal plants and heavy dependence on fossil fuels will assist to ameliorate the atmospheric loadings of these pollutants.

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“…Recently, also a Special Issue of Environmental Science and Pollution Research was published elucidating the interactions and adverse effects of PAHs and fish from molecular to individual level (Cousin and Cachot 2014). In particular, the primary importance of sediment-borne toxicity and specific underlying mechanisms of PAH contamination has been emphasized as such hydrophobic compounds are mainly associated with suspended particular matter and, thus, accumulate in sediments.…”

Section: Responsible Editor: Philippe Garriguesmentioning

confidence: 99%