PAH-degradation by Paenibacillus spp. and description of Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans sp. nov., a naphthalene-degrading bacterium from the rhizosphere of salt marsh plants.

Abstract

Bacteria belonging to the genus Paenibacillus were isolated by enrichment from petroleum-hydrocarbon-contaminated sediment and salt marsh rhizosphere using either naphthalene or phenanthrene as the sole carbon source, and were characterized using phenotypic, morphological and molecular techniques. The isolates were grouped by their colony morphologies and polyaromatic hydrocarbon-degradation patterns. Phenanthrene-degrading isolates produced mottled colonies on solid media and were identified as P. validus by fatty acid methyl ester and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. In contrast, the naphthalene-degrading isolates with mucoid colony morphology were distantly related to Paenibacillus validus, according to fatty acid methyl ester and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. The predominant fatty acids of the mucoid isolates were 15 :0 anteiso, 16 :1ω11c, 16 :0 and 17 :0 anteiso, constituting, on average, 505, 120, 112 and 65 % of the total, respectively. The GMC contents of their DNA ranged from 47 to 52 mol %. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed the highest (a 94 %) similarity to P. validus. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that the mucoid isolates formed a distinct cluster within Paenibacillus. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed only a 6 % DNA similarity between the type strain of P. validus and mucoid strain PR-N1. On the basis of the morphological, phenotypic and molecular data, the naphthalene-degrading isolates merit classification as a new Paenibacillus species, for which the name Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans sp. nov. is proposed, with PR-N1 T (l ATCC BAA-206 T l DSM 14203 T ) as the type strain.

Two naphthalene degrading bacteria belonging to the genera Paenibacillus and Pseudomonas isolated from a highly polluted lagoon perform different sensitivities to the organic and heavy metal contaminants

“…ORNaP1 position in the phylogenetic tree is close to the naphthalene-degrading strain P. validus PR-P9 AF353697 (Daane et al 2001). Daane et al (2002) proposed a new species, P. naphthalenovorans, whose strains were able to utilize naphthalene and other aromatic contaminants as growth substrates. The ability of bacteria belonging to the genus Paenibacillus to degrade PAHs is well known.…”

“…Paenibacillus sp. strain ORNaP1 grew in the presence of gentisate, an intermediate of naphthalene degradation, showing a different behavior with respect to the P. naphthalenovorans isolated from rhizosphere of salt march plants (Daane et al 2002). Strain ORNaP1 also showed the ability to grow using diesel fuel, mainly composed of aliphatic compounds.…”

Ethanol production by a Paenibacillus species isolated from an Icelandic hot spring – Production yields from complex biomass

“…Strict anaerobes within the genera of Clostridium, Thermoanaerobacter, and Thermoanaerobacterium have been extensively studied for their ethanol production from sugars and biomass (Wiegel et al 1983, Lacis & Lawford, 1988, Lynd et al 1989, Almarsdottir et al 2012) while little attention has been paid to other Firmicutes such as members of the genus Paenibacillus. Few reports on the fermentative metabolism of members of Paenibacillus have been reported despite some strains being able to degrade cellulose and other polymeric substrates (Dasman et al 2002, Daane et al 2002. Paenibacillus macerans (formerly Bacillus macerans) has been reported to produce 1.3 mole of ethanol from one mole of glucose (Weimer, 1984a); this species is very versatile even degrading glycerol and deoxyhexoses to 1,2-propanediol (Weimer, 1984b, Gupta et al 2009).…”

Paenibacillus sputi sp. nov., isolated from the sputum of a patient with pulmonary disease

“…Since then, eight more Bacillus species and one Clostridium species have been transferred to the genus, and a large number of novel species have been described; consequently, the genus contains 102 recognized species at the time of writing (Euzéby, 2009). Members of the genus Paenibacillus have been isolated from a wide variety of sources including soil, sediment, humus, the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere, water, food, fodder, faeces, plant materials and diseased insect larvae (Daane et al, 2002). Some species have been reported from human biological samples, e.g.…”