Paeoniflorin ameliorates collagen‐induced arthritis via suppressing nuclear factor‐<i>κ</i>B signalling pathway in osteoclast differentiation

Zhang

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) expressed on mast cells (MCs) has been shown to be a pivotal target for pseudo-allergic diseases. Therefore, MRGPRX2 might be a therapeutic target for allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and red man syndrome. Paeoniflorin (PF) was reported to have an antiinflammatory effect in neuroinflammation, enteritis, and so forth. In this study, we investigated the anti-pseudo-allergic effect of PF and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that PF can suppress compound 48/80 (C48/80)-induced PCA and MCs degranulation in vivo, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, PF can reduce C48/80-induced calcium influx and suppress MC degranulation and chemokines release in vitro. PF can downregulate the phosphorylation levels of key kinases in PLCγ-regulated calcium influx and subsequent cytokine synthesis pathways. Our study revealed that PF could inhibit C48/80-induced allergic responses both in vivo and in vitro. As such, it may be regarded as a novel inhibitor for preventing MRGPRX2mediated allergic diseases.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paeoniflorin inhibits MRGPRX2‐mediated pseudo‐allergic reaction via calcium signaling pathway

Zhang

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

“…Ferulic acid promotes osteogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and suppresses osteoclast differentiation (Du et al, 2017; Doss et al, 2018). Paeoniflorin has a significant anti-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis (Lai et al, 2018; Xu et al, 2018). Paeoniflorin also shows antiosteoporosis activity and regulates osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis (Li and Chent 2018b; Wang et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on the Risk of Overall Mortality, Readmission, and Reoperation in Hip Fracture Patients

et al. 2019

Hip fracture is a major public health concern, with high incidence rates in the elderly worldwide. Hip fractures are associated with increased medical costs, patient dependency on families, and higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is typically characterized as cost-effective and suitable for long-term use with few side effects. To better understand the effects of CHM on hip fracture patients, we utilized a population-based database to investigate the demographic characteristics, cumulative incidence of overall mortality, readmission, reoperation, and patterns of CHM prescription. We found that CHM usage was associated with a lower risk of overall mortality [ P = 0.0009; adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30–0.73], readmission ( P = 0.0345; adjusted HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.97), and reoperation ( P = 0.0009; adjusted HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40–0.79) after adjustment for age, type of hip fracture, surgical treatment type, and comorbidities. We also identified the herbal formulas, single herbs, and prescription patterns for the treatment of hip fracture by using association rule mining and network analysis. For hip fracture patients, the most common CHM coprescription pattern was Du-Zhong (DZ) → Xu-Duan (XD), followed by Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang (DHJST) → Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang (SJHXT), and Gu-Sui-Bu (GSB) → Xu-Duan (XD). Furthermore, XD was the core prescription, and DZ, GSB, SJHXT, and DHJST were important prescriptions located in cluster 1 of the prescription patterns. This study provides evidence for clinical CHM use as an adjunctive therapy that offers benefits to hip fracture patients.

“…Accumulating investigations have indicated that osteoblasts and osteoclasts can interact through RANKL/ RANK/OPG system to mediate bone modelling and remodeling [20,21], and the relative expression and the balance between RANKL and OPG in osteoblasts can determine the mass and strength of bone, which means the upregulated OPG/RANKL ratio could prevent osteoclastogenesis [22][23][24][25]. Although the detailed mechanism is unknown, the up-regulated OPG, RANK, and RANKL in the necrotic femoral head can be reversed by IL-15 deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-15 deficiency alleviates steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by impact osteoclasts via RANKL-RANK-OPG system

et al. 2020

Background Whether IL-15 is involved in the development of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is investigated. Methods C57BL/6 J and l15−/−mice were injected with methylprednisolone to induce wide type osteonecrosis (WT ON) and IL-15 deficiency osteonecrosis (IL-15−/− ON). Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning was used to detect the microstructure. The differentiation and formation of osteoclasts were determined with colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages (CFU-GM), colony-forming unit-macrophage/mononuclear (CFU-M) per tibia, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP or TRAP) positive cells. Serum interleukin (IL)-15, osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), bone Gla protein (BGP), and TRACP were assayed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the femoral heads were detected by Western blot. CD34 staining was performed to detect microvascular density. Results IL-15 secretion was increased in the femoral heads and the serum of steroid-induced ONFH mice. IL-15 deficiency may lead to up-regulated vessel remodeling, improved microstructure, and up-regulated serum osteocalcin, BAP, and BGP secretion. Both the expression of RANKL/RANK/OPG and osteoclast differentiation and formation can be down-regulated by IL-15 deficiency. Conclusion IL-15 deficiency alleviates steroid-induced ONFH by impact osteoclasts via RANKL-RANK-OPG system.