Paenibacillus borealis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from spruce forest humus in Finland.

Abstract

Seven spore-forming, nitrogen-fixing bacterial isolates from spruce forest humus in Finland were studied using the polyphasic approach. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragment with specific primers showed that the isolates were members of Paenibacillus. Levels of 16S rDNA similarity between the isolates were 97 3-100 0 % and those between the isolates and other Paenibacillus species were 90 3-96 5 %. The highest similarities were observed with Paenibacillus azotofixans and Paenibacillus durus. Ribotyping with EcoRI and PvuII restriction showed a high diversity in the Paenibacillus species and distinguished the isolates from these closely related species. The main whole-cell fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 :0 (33-48 %), straight-chain C 14 :0 (7-21 %) and C 16 :0 (9-20 %), and iso-C 15 :0 (6-15 %). Electron microscopy revealed a unique striped morphology of the spore surfaces. Based on phylogenetic inference and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, these isolates are proposed as a new species, Paenibacillus borealis sp. nov., the type strain of which is KK19 T (l DSM 13188 T l CCUG 43137 T ).

Characterization of an Unusual Cold-Active β-Glucosidase Belonging to Family 3 of the Glycoside Hydrolases from the Psychrophilic Isolate Paenibacillus sp. Strain C7

“…P. borealis (13), P. odorifer (4), and P. graminis (4) (data not shown). Some differences included the inability of isolate C7 to produce acid from glycogen, unlike P. macquariensis (13), or grow in media containing 3% NaCl, a characteristic of P. antarcticus (28).…”

“…P. borealis (13), P. odorifer (4), and P. graminis (4) (data not shown). Some differences included the inability of isolate C7 to produce acid from glycogen, unlike P. macquariensis (13), or grow in media containing 3% NaCl, a characteristic of P. antarcticus (28). P. macquariensis has also been identified as gram negative under all conditions (23), like isolate C7, whereas P. antarcticus was observed to be gram variable (28).…”

Genome Sequence of the Diazotrophic Gram-Positive Rhizobacterium Paenibacillus riograndensis SBR5 T

“…Nitrogen fixation has been described in several species of the genus Paenibacillus (3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17,18,19,20,22,23,24,25), and some of these bacteria are promising candidates for crop inoculation (21). In this work, we obtained the genome sequence of Paenibacillus riograndensis SBR5 T , which, in addition to nitrogen fixation, has shown several plant growth-promoting (PGP) capabilities (1,2).…”

Paenibacillus cineris sp. nov. and Paenibacillus cookii sp. nov., from Antarctic volcanic soils and a gelatin-processing plant

“…+, >85 % positive; (+), 75-84 % positive; V, variable (26-74 % positive); (2), 16-25 % positive; 2, 0-15 % positive; W, weak positive reaction; +/W, positive or weak positive reaction; V(W), variable and, when positive, the reaction is weak. Fatty acid data for P. azoreducens are from Meehan et al (2001) and those for P. borealis are from Elo et al (2001). With the exception of microscopic observations, growth at 50 uC and casein hydrolysis, all characters were determined using tests in API 20E and 50 CHB systems.…”