Paediatric visceral leishmaniasis: a retrospective study on clinical manifestations, demographic features and laboratory findings of hospitalised cases in Iran between 2006 and 2016

Nourian, Manijeh; Heidari, Aliehsan; Tajali, S.; Ghasemi, Erfan; Mohebali, Mehdi; Heidari, Amir Behzad

doi:10.1177/0049475518811513

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Another study in a pediatric hospital in Tehran mean hemoglobin concentration, mean platelet count and mean WBC count were 9.2 ± 2 g/dL, 152 ± 7.7/mL and 4.84 ± 1.6/mL, respectively. However, in comparison with our results (Hb: 8/8 ± 1.92g/dl, platelet: 185.769 ± 145.658/mL, WBC: 6.939± 4.69/mL), the mean plt and WBC count was higher in our findings ( 35 ). According to Tofighi et al laboratory results, anemia (97.1%), thrombocytopenia (91.2%), and leukopenia (67.6%) were the most common laboratory hematological abnormalities in VL.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…The average hospitalization time in the treatment with L-AmB was less than other drugs with better efficacy and fewer side effects (15.3 days) in our study. Glucantime and DAmB were used in the treatment of VL in another pediatric hospital in Tehran, D-AmB for 15 days and glucantime for 4 weeks ( 35 ). In Sakari study, a 28-day course of glucantime has been used in most cases ( 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Khodabandeh,

Moradian,

Sarvari

et al. 2024

IJPA

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Background: Black disease, also known as visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is a parasitic illness caused by various Leishmania species. The risk of morbidity and mortality increases with delayed diagnosis and treatment. Early VL diagnosis and fast appropriate treatment are critical issues in endemic areas. Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic course of patients admitted with the diagnosis of VL in the Children's Medical Center (CMC) Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All cases of VL in patients under the age of 18 hospitalized between the years 2012 to 2022 were enrolled. Results: Twenty-seven patients were enrolled with an average age of 28.13 months with the majority of females (51.8%). Common clinical signs were fever (96.2%) and splenomegaly (92.59%). However, lymphadenopathy was rare. The largest number of patients was from Tehran Province, followed by Ardabil, Khuzestan, Gilan, and Alborz provinces. The most common hematological abnormalities were anemia (85.1%) and thrombocytopenia (44.4%). In accordance with the treatment strategy, liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate were given to 11 and 5 patients, respectively. Eleven of them received glucantime. The average length of hospitalization for liposomal amphotericin B was 15.36 ± 12.49 days. In comparison with glucantime (18.38 ±10.26 days) and amphotericin B deoxycholate (20.20± 6.18 days), liposomal amphotericin B group hospitalization was shorter than others were. Conclusion: VL should be included in the differential diagnosis of any child who presents with fever, splenomegaly, and anemia. Concerning the treatment strategy in this study, liposomal amphotericin B had more efficiency and shorter hospitalization duration.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Khodabandeh,

Moradian,

Sarvari

et al. 2024

IJPA

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“…The mean age of patients with kala-azar hospitalized in Emam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, who were reviewed by Shamsian et al, was 3.7±4 years ( 11 ). Nourian et al reported that only 7.9% of hospitalized patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Mofid Hospital in Tehran were over 10 years old ( 12 ). In addition, studies from other countries showed similar results ( 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Characteristics besides Clinical and Laboratory Manifestations of Children with Visceral Leishmaniasis in Rasht, Northern Iran

Hashemian,

Baghersalimi,

Asgharzadeh

et al. 2023

IJPA

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Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is an inherently dangerous and progressive disease that can be seen in many parts of the world, including Iran. Therefore, we decided to conduct this study on children with Kala-azar in Rasht-Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study, the hospital records of all children with Kala-azar disease admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht- Iran from 2009 to 2021 were reviewed. Required information were collected from patients' records and descriptive statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24 statistical software. Results: A total of 22 children with visceral leishmaniasis were admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital during the study period. The average age of the children was 2.93 ± 3.32 years. Most of them (59.1%) were boys and lived in the foothills (59.1%). The most common season for children to get the disease was spring (45.5%), and the average duration of the disease until hospitalization was 16.5 ± 13.54 days. In this study, the most common clinical manifestations included fever (90.9%), splenomegaly (77.3%), hepatomegaly (50%), weakness and restlessness (27.3%), and vomiting (18.2%). The most common laboratory findings were anemia (90.9%), leukopenia (59.1%), increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (75%), and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) (75%). 72.7% of the children were treated with liposomal amphotericin and others with glucantime, which were all successful. Conclusion: The results of our studies were consistent with most studies in Iran and other countries. These findings can help in the diagnosis and management of children with Kala-azar and better control of the disease in the province.

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“…Typical VL includes intermittent or continuous fever, non-tender hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, leading to anemia, hemorrhages and concurrent infections ( de Araujo et al., 2012 ). However, the atypical form may be misdiagnosed with other opportunistic infections or is diagnosed with substantial delay, so early recognition and treatment are necessary ( Nourian et al., 2019 ). In this case, the patient manifested unusual clinical presentations (fatigue, splenomegaly, anemia, no fever, hemorrhages, or concurrent infections), which frequently occur in individuals with low CD4+ T-cell counts (23.01%) ( Bimal et al., 2008 ; Garg et al., 2009 ; Santos-Oliveira et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Analysis Identifying a Rare Leishmania Infection in an Adult With AIDS

Song

Chen

Tan

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Leishmania belongs to a genus of the protozoan parasites that causes leishmaniasis, and includes cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In this case, Leishmania amastigotes were found on cytomorphology examination of the bone marrow specimen, followed by 1,076 Leishmania donovani reads using metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS). Since being definitely diagnosed with VL/HIV coinfection, the patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B as the parasite-resistant therapy and was discharged after clinical cure. But nearly a year later, on the mNGS follow-up, L. donovani was detected in the patient’s blood plasma specimen with 941 reads, suggesting that a relapse of leishmaniasis had occurred. These results indicate that leishmaniasis still exists in China and may represent a public health concern. This case could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of leishmaniasis, and for determining disease progression, prevention, and control of vectors and reservoir hosts.

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Paediatric visceral leishmaniasis: a retrospective study on clinical manifestations, demographic features and laboratory findings of hospitalised cases in Iran between 2006 and 2016

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Demographic Characteristics besides Clinical and Laboratory Manifestations of Children with Visceral Leishmaniasis in Rasht, Northern Iran

Metagenomic Analysis Identifying a Rare Leishmania Infection in an Adult With AIDS

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