Paediatric orbital conjunctival epithelial cyst with positive asialotransferrin

Systematic review of errors on beta‐2 transferrin gel electrophoresis testing of rhinorrhea and otorrhea

“…11 Another rare potential FP could occur from an orbital cyst communicating with the sinonasal cavities. 37 Kelly et al also reported salivary contamination of otorrhea causing an actual FP on B2-Tf GE, which was ultimately confirmed by assessing salivary amylase levels in the otorrhea. 25 Clinicians should be cognizant of possible fluid contamination by orbital or oral contents, as FPs on B2-Tf GE may result.…”

“…Of these 71 studies, 18 were included for analysis. 13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Table 1 shows study design and methodology details. The first report of potential false GE results was in 1978.…”

“…Since manuscripts for three studies could not be obtained, 71 full‐text articles were reviewed. Of these 71 studies, 18 were included for analysis 13,22–38 …”

“…Orbital fluids with B2‐Tf may drain into sinonasal cavities and cause a FP result 11 . Another rare potential FP could occur from an orbital cyst communicating with the sinonasal cavities 37 . Kelly et al.…”

“…Since B2-Tf is also found in aqueous humor (and potentially vitreous humor), severe orbital injuries like globe rupture may result in FP results on B2-Tf GE. 10,11,37 Orbital fluids with B2-Tf may drain into sinonasal cavities and cause a FP result. 11 Another rare potential FP could occur from an orbital cyst communicating with the sinonasal cavities.…”