Paddy husk compost addition for improving nitrogen availability

Omar, Latifah; Ahmed, Osumanu Haruna; Majid, Nik Muhammad Abdul

doi:10.18805/a-387

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…do not tolerate high temperatures well, and their activities in degrading lignin of PH subside when the temperature rises too high. This finding is consistent with the study of Latifah et al [29], where the mesophilic microbes dominated the decomposition process after day 36 until all readily available energy sources were utilized. These mesophilic microbes use available oxygen to transform C from composting feedstock to obtain energy and release carbon dioxide and water [30].…”

Section: Temperature Profile and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The EC recorded for composted PH in this study (Fig. 2) at 15 days of composting was similar to those recorded by Latifah et al [29] which is within the permissible level of 2.75 µS cm −1 . Increase in EC observed for all treatments at 60 days of composting could be related to the decomposition and mineralization of organic compounds and the release of mineral salts such as am-monium ion (NH + 4 ) and phosphate ion (PO [3][4] ) during composting [29].…”

Section: Temperature Profile and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 90%

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Enhancing plant nutrient availability in composted paddy husk using Bacillus spp. isolated from termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) gut

Simol¹,

Chubo²,

King³

et al. 2022

ScienceAsia

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Paddy husk (PH) is a waste item generated from rice production that can be used as an organic fertilizer through composting. High lignin content is an issue with PH composting as it impedes the production of high-quality organic fertilizer. Improvements to the composting process can enhance the agronomic properties of compost produced from PH. The objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the ability of Bacillus spp. in enhancing the decomposition of PH and (ii) determine the ability of Bacillus spp. in increasing the macronutrient content of composted PH. Different ligninolytic active Bacillus spp. from termite gut (either singly or a cocktail) were added to 7 of 9 compost boxes containing PH compost mixtures and were allowed to decompose for a period of 60 days. Each treatment was represented by 3 samples, and the compost boxes were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. Results showed that the addition of Bacillus spp. promoted the production of matured compost within 60 days with significantly higher amounts of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Germination index (GI) of all composted PH added with Bacillus spp. ranged from 82.51 to 95.83%, suggesting that composted PH has lower phytotoxicity than compost without Bacillus spp. isolate. In general, addition of Bacillus spp. to PH waste promoted the production of PH composts with improved macronutrient availability and lower phytotoxicity levels.

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Section: Temperature Profile and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Temperature Profile and Salinitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Enhancing plant nutrient availability in composted paddy husk using Bacillus spp. isolated from termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) gut

Simol¹,

Chubo²,

King³

et al. 2022

ScienceAsia

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“…In our previous study on estimation of decomposable of soil hydrolyzable organic N from RH compost, we confirmed the conversion of available N (NH 4 + and/or NO 3 − ) explained by the higher total amount of hydrolyzable N, after which followed hydrolyzable NH 4 -N, amino sugar-N, and amino-acid-N [7]. Thus, the decomposition of polymers of organic N fractions into monomers, and organic N gradually forms NH 4 + , which has further become a potential source for NH 3 loss if it is not well retained in soil [7]. No significant difference in soil available NO 3…”

Section: Soil Total Nitrogen Exchangeable Ammonium and Available Nisupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Apart from rice wastes, chicken production from year 2017 to 2018 in Malaysia increased; total production volume of broiler grew from 1664.9 million metric tons to 1707.6 million metric tons [5]. Composting is an important approach to transform agro-waste fractions into useful products such as compost [6] and is generally considered one of the useful methods to sustainably recycle agricultural wastes [7]. The use of co-composting technology has become a preferred method for recycling many agricultural wastes by-products into safer and more stable materials as soil amendment because matured compost reduces the negative effects of unprocessed agricultural wastes [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Husk Compost Production and Use in Mitigating Ammonia Volatilization from Urea

et al. 2021

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Using value-added products such as compost in farming systems could enable optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilizers whose world-wide demand is on the increase. The objectives of this study were to: (i) produce compost through co-composting rice husk (RH) with chicken dung slurry (CDS), chicken feed, and molasses, (ii) determine the effects of optimum rate of urea and RH compost on minimizing ammonia (NH3) volatilization, and (iii) determine total N, exchangeable ammonium (NH4+), and available nitrate (NO3−) retained in soil following co-application of urea and RH compost. Compost was produced for 60 days by mixing RH, CDS, chicken feed, and molasses at a ratio of 20:1:1:1. The color of RH compost was dark brown and had significant amounts of major nutrients such as N (1.15%), phosphorus (3101 mg kg−1), potassium (2038 mg kg−1), calcium (863 mg kg−1), magnesium (276 mg kg−1), organic matter (OM) (60.67%), organic carbon (35.17%), and humic acids (5.87%). The C/N ratio of the RH compost was 30. The electrical conductivity and pH of the RH compost were 2.79 µS cm−1 and 6.55, respectively, and they were not phytotoxic because paddy seeds were successfully germinated in all of the RH compost extractants. The high cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the RH compost (100.67 cmolc kg−1) at the end of composting was one of the determinant factors that controlled NH3 loss from urea. The effectiveness of the RH compost in minimizing urea-N loss was determined using a close-dynamic air flow system. The RH compost significantly minimized NH3 volatilization because of the high affinity of the RH compost for NH4+. An attestation of this reaction was that the high negative charges due to high CEC and OM of the RH compost temporarily protected NH4+ from being transformed into NH3 gas. Further evidence is the higher soil total N and exchangeable NH4+ for the treatments with RH compost than with urea alone. High quality compost can be produced from RH to reduce urea-N from being lost from urea. For the optimum rate, co-application of 60 g RH compost and 2.9 g urea per trough is recommended to mitigate NH3 volatilization instead of the existing practice (7.3 g urea alone per trough).

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“…Changing the rate of urea dissolution in the soil to synchronize the availability of inorganic N with crop requirements could be achieved by coating the urea to ascertain an improvement in the NUE. Moreover, owing to the fast release of N from the urea and the N becoming readily available in the soil, not all the N is used by plants due to factors such as the plants not efficiently absorbing 40 to 70% of the N applied from urea, which results in a low N uptake and NUE [4]. Consequently, the repeated or frequent application of urea to meet crop requirements not only causes an increased cost of crop production but also pollutes the environment and is associated with an imbalance in the amount of N that is then subjected to loss through nitrate (NO 3 − ) leaching, ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization, and denitrification [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Rejected Sago Starch as a Coating Material for Urea Encapsulation

et al. 2023

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Increases in food production to meet global food requirements lead to an increase in the demand for nitrogen (N) fertilizers, especially urea, for soil productivity, crop yield, and food security improvement. To achieve a high yield of food crops, the excessive use of urea has resulted in low urea-N use efficiency and environmental pollution. One promising alternative to increase urea-N use efficiency, improve soil N availability, and lessen the potential environmental effects of the excessive use of urea is to encapsulate urea granules with appropriate coating materials to synchronize the N release with crop assimilation. Chemical additives, such as sulfur-based coatings, mineral-based coatings, and several polymers with different action principles, have been explored and used for coating the urea granule. However, their high material cost, limited resources, and adverse effects on the soil ecosystem limit the widespread application of urea coated with these materials. This paper documents a review of issues related to the materials used for urea coating and the potential of natural polymers, such as rejected sago starch, as a coating material for urea encapsulation. The aim of the review is to unravel an understanding of the potential of rejected sago starch as a coating material for the slow release of N from urea. Rejected sago starch from sago flour processing is a natural polymer that could be used to coat urea because the starch enables a gradual, water-driven mechanism of N release from the urea–polymer interface to the polymer–soil interface. The advantages of rejected sago starch for urea encapsulation over other polymers are that rejected sago starch is one of the most abundant polysaccharide polymers, the cheapest biopolymer, and is fully biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly. This review provides information on the potential of rejected sago starch as a coating material, the advantages of using rejected sago starch as coating material over other polymer materials, a simple coating method, and the mechanisms of N release from urea coated with rejected sago starch.

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Paddy husk compost addition for improving nitrogen availability

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Enhancing plant nutrient availability in composted paddy husk using Bacillus spp. isolated from termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) gut

Enhancing plant nutrient availability in composted paddy husk using Bacillus spp. isolated from termite (Coptotermes curvignathus) gut

Rice Husk Compost Production and Use in Mitigating Ammonia Volatilization from Urea

Potential of Rejected Sago Starch as a Coating Material for Urea Encapsulation

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