Paclobutrazol Induces Photochemical Efficiency in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Under Water Stress and Affects Leaf Yield Without Influencing Biotic Interactions

Mohan, R.; Kaur, Tarandeep; Bhat, Hilal Ahmad; Khajuria, Manu; Pal, Sikander; Vyas, Dhiraj

doi:10.1007/s00344-019-09975-0

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Application of paclobutrazol can reduce tree water loss, resulting in improved tree water status based on reduced leaf area [12][13][14]. The production of smaller leaves and more compact tree crowns often results in increased foliar chlorophyll concentration (measured directly or through Soil Plant Analysis Development chlorophyll index (SPAD index)) and increased photosystem efficiency or photosynthetic rate [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Recent studies have also shown that paclobutrazol can enhance production of secondary pigments and molecules that can reduce the impacts of oxidative stresses such as drought or exposure to salinity [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Paclobutrazol to Mitigate Environmental Stress of Urban Street Trees

Cregg

Ellison-Smith

2020

Forests

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Paclobutrazol is a tree growth regulator that is frequently applied by arborists to control tree growth in utility rights of way. Paclobutrazol is also marketed to mitigate tree stresses associated with urban environments. In this study we applied paclobutrazol as a soil drench to honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos L var. inermis (L.) Zab.) and Callery pear (Pyrus calleryiana Decne.) trees planted as street trees on two sites in Lansing, Michigan USA. We evaluated physiological and morphological responses for two years after treatment. Application of paclobutrazol increased SPAD chlorophyll index of trees of both species in both years, compared to untreated control trees. Application of paclobutrazol increased leaf water potential of trees on one study site (Downtown) but not the other (Old Town). Paclobutrazol increased gas exchange (net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance) of Callery pear trees on one of four measurement dates (gas exchange was not measured on honeylocust trees). Leaf size of Callery pear trees was reduced following paclobutrazol application whereas leaf size of honeylocust trees was unaffected by paclobutrazol. These results indicate that paclobutrazol can help to reduce stress of trees and improve physiological function under urban conditions. However, paclobutrazol should be viewed as part of a suite of options for arborists and landscapers to manage trees on stressful sites, rather than as a replacement for proper overall care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Paclobutrazol to Mitigate Environmental Stress of Urban Street Trees

Cregg

Ellison-Smith

2020

Forests

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“…Root adaptations include shallower root system or deep root system depending on soil water availability, reduction or increase in lateral roots on all the three different root types' viz. crown roots (CRs), brace roots (BRs) and seminal roots (SRs) (Hund et Physiological perturbations induced under drought include reduced photosynthesis, photochemical efficiency and net assimilation rate (NAR) (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019). Root traits and their prospective role in water deficit management in crop plants are least explored in maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant growth regulator of the triazole family, known to induce inhibition of cell elongation and internode extension via negatively affecting gibberellins biosynthesis (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019). Plants treated with PBZ have been shown to produce elevated levels of abscisic acid, which is a proven anti stress hormone in plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PBZ may also induce morphological modifications of leaves in terms of number and smaller stomatal pores and thicker leaves. In general, PBZ also enhances stem diameter, root density, root length and roots surface area to confer abiotic stress tolerances in plants (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019). Earlier studies showed positive impact of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato and mulberry plants via increasing root surface area and bringing physiological changes in both upper and lower parts of tomato and mulberry under drought (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019;Sloat et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, PBZ also enhances stem diameter, root density, root length and roots surface area to confer abiotic stress tolerances in plants (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019). Earlier studies showed positive impact of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato and mulberry plants via increasing root surface area and bringing physiological changes in both upper and lower parts of tomato and mulberry under drought (Pal et al, 2016;Mohan et al, 2019;Sloat et al, 2020). Understanding root growth kinetics (root surface area, root length and root numbers) in maize and its impact on shoot growth kinetics and overall plant growth performance under drought or deficit irrigation is least explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root specific plasticity induced by paclobutrazol confers improved deficit irrigation tolerance and agronomic performance in maize

Urfan

Hakla

Sharma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Root system architecture (RSAch) is central to drought management in plants. In this study, the mechanism of paclobutrazol (PBZ)-mediated improvement in tolerance to water deficit using five maize varieties was investigated. Comprehensive pot experiments were conducted during 2017, 2018 and 2019 and maize plants were subjected to 60% of evapotranspiration demand both in early deficit (EDI) and terminal deficit (TDI) irrigation regimes. Findings revealed that application of PBZ decreased plant height; while traits like stem diameter, root biomass, root length and root surface area under EDI and TDI improved significantly. Structural equation modelling of root traits revealed PBZ induced increase in root surface area (RSA) and length of seminal roots in EDI. For TDI, PBZ induced changes in RSA, length of seminal and brace roots and several reproductive attributes of the plant. Altogether, these findings propose improvement of root traits as an effective strategy to increase Water Use Efficiency of maize varieties with minimal impact on agronomic traits.Abstract FigureFigure graphical AbstractLife cycle of maize plants (Zea mays L.) is sensitive towards soil water availability, in particular establishment of young maize plants (from 0 days after sowing (DAS) to 35 DAS, early deficit irrigation, EDI) and 50 DAS to 65 DAS, a phase showing transition of vegetative to reproductive stage. Maize being a rain fed crop is mainly dependent upon rainwater, thus late arrival of monsoon or shorter spell of monsoon period in Indian sub continent poses water deficit or drought like conditions, consequently affecting the establishment of young plants and successful transition of vegetative to reproductive phase. In current study, early deficit irrigation (EDI) supplied 60% of the evapotranspiration demand (EVTD) commenced with or without paclobutrazol (PBZ) on 15 DAS to 35 DAS (for a period of 20 days) young maize plants mimicked the late arrival of monsoon by a period of 10-15 days. While, terminal deficit irrigation (TDI) supplied 60% of EVTD with or without PBZ at 54 DAS to 104 DAS (for a period of 50 days) plants mimicked shorter spell of monsoon, thereby reducing the soil water availability, affecting successful transition of vegetative to reproductive phase and formation of reproductive structures. Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed improved root traits and their contribution in enhancing water use efficiency resulting in better adaptation of maize under EDI and TDI, more specifically when applied with paclobutrazol. Happy maize plants in terms of improved water use efficiency (WUE) under TDI resulted in more cob yield specifically with paclobutrazol application, leading to enhanced farmers income and economic prosperity.

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Paclobutrazol and Amino Acid-Based Biostimulant as Beneficial Compounds in Alleviating the Drought Stress Effects on Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Davari

Rokhzadi

Mohammadi

et al. 2021

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Paclobutrazol Induces Photochemical Efficiency in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Under Water Stress and Affects Leaf Yield Without Influencing Biotic Interactions

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Application of Paclobutrazol to Mitigate Environmental Stress of Urban Street Trees

Application of Paclobutrazol to Mitigate Environmental Stress of Urban Street Trees

Root specific plasticity induced by paclobutrazol confers improved deficit irrigation tolerance and agronomic performance in maize

Paclobutrazol and Amino Acid-Based Biostimulant as Beneficial Compounds in Alleviating the Drought Stress Effects on Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

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