Paclobutrazol and other plant growth‐retarding chemicals increase resistance of melon seedlings to fusarium wilt

Cohen, R.; Yarden, Oded; Katan, J.; Riov, J.; Lisker, N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.1987.tb02274.x

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The mechanism of paclobutrazol in inducing tiller growth is interesting to be further evaluated. The dwarfism caused by paclobutrazol may also increase the resistance of plants towards waterlogging as well as pests and diseases attacks (Bridgemohan & Bridgemohan 2014;Cohen et al 1987). Figure 7 shows the average of chlorophyll content in 3 months old black rice plant.…”

Section: Average Of Plant Height and Tiller Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT AND PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SEED GERMINATION, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng')

Dewi

Agustina²,

Nurmalika³

2017

BIOTROPIA

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Black rice (Oryza sativa L. "Cempo Ireng") is one of local rice varieties in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The black color is caused by high anthocyanin content which is important source of antioxidant. The cultivation of black rice is still limited due to its tall phenotype, long vegetative stage and low productivity compared to white rice. Paclobutrazol is a growth retardant causing dwarfing in several crop plants and reducing lodging. Blue light can improve plant quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of blue light and paclobutrazol on seed germination, vegetative growth and yield of black rice. The results showed that the average of seed germination as well as the activity of α-amylase of seeds subjected to blue light were lower compared to those subjected to sunlight; however, paclobutrazol concentrations did not affect seed germination percentage. The height of rice plants treated with paclobutrazol decreased in accordance with the increase of paclobutrazol concentration. Chlorophyll content and tiller numbers increased by paclobutrazol treatment of 12.5 ppm. Nitrate reductase activity was higher in rice seedlings subjected to blue light compared to those subjected to sunlight. Iron (Fe) content of rice plants treated with 25 or 50 ppm paclobutrazol increased compared to control. It was concluded that paclobutrazol application of 12.5 ppm already reduced plant height. The higher concentration of paclobutrazol applied the greater reduction on plant height was observed. Blue light treatment applied during black rice seed germination slightly reduced germination percentage and α-amylase activity in the germinated seeds. However, blue light treatment combined with paclobutrazol application during black rice seed germination increased chlorophyll content, tiller numbers and Fe content in black rice grain.

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Section: Average Of Plant Height and Tiller Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT AND PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SEED GERMINATION, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng')

Dewi

Agustina²,

Nurmalika³

2017

BIOTROPIA

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“…Studies undertaken so far have identified that, at the concentrations used to induce resistance, the herbicides or indole compounds have no apparent toxicity to the disease-causing organisms, suggesting that protection results from activation of indirect mechanisms (6,9,10,14,36,38). These mechanisms include physiological and anatomical changes (9), but in many cases are unknown (36).…”

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confidence: 99%

Auxin-Induced Resistance to Common Scab Disease of Potato Linked to Inhibition of Thaxtomin A Toxicity

et al. 2008

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Production of the phytotoxin thaxtomin A by pathogenic Streptomyces spp. is essential for induction of common scab disease in potato. Prior studies have shown that foliar application of sublethal concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and other auxin or auxin-like compounds significantly reduced severity and occurrence of common scab in subsequently produced tubers. However, the means of disease suppression by these compounds was not known. We confirm the disease suppressive activity of 2,4-D. Detailed tuber physiological examination showed that lenticel numbers, lenticel external dimensions, and periderm thickness and structure, physiological features believed to be critical to Streptomyces scabiei infection, were not substantially changed by 2,4-D treatments, negating a possible mechanism for disease suppression through alteration of these structures. In contrast, our studies show accumulation of 2,4-D in tubers of treated plants occurs and is associated with an enhanced tolerance to thaxtomin A. Applying 2,4-D to cultures of S. scabiei did not significantly alter in vitro growth of the pathogen. Thaxtomin A production by the pathogen was inhibited by 2,4-D, but only at the highest rate tested (1.0 mM), which is at least 200-fold more than is found in 2,4-D treated tubers. These data suggest 2,4-D has no direct effect on the pathogen or its virulence. Confirmatory evidence from studies with Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings demonstrated that the auxins 2,4-D and IAA ameliorate thaxtomin A toxicity. The evidence presented whereby auxin treatment inhibits toxicity of thaxtomin A secreted by the pathogen suggests a novel indirect means of disease suppression.

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“…In addition, BAS 111..W treatment reduced the occurrence of light leaf spot induced by Pyrenopeziza brassicae (Stinchcombe et al 1986). Increased resistance to fungal infections have also been observed after application of the growth retardant ancymidol (Cohen et al 1987). Since BAS 111..W has no or only slight direct fungicidal properties, as observed against Alternaria spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Are ethylene and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid involved in the induction of chitinase and ?-1,3-glucanase activity in sunflower cell-suspension cultures?

Siefert¹,

Langebartels

Böller

et al. 1994

Planta

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Abstract. Auxin-dependent, heterotrophic suspension cells of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. C.K. Spanners All-zweck) showed, on a cell-protein basis, a seven-fold increase in chitinase activity, which began 5 d after treatment with 10 -5 mol.L -I of the triazole-type growth retardant BAS 111..W. In proportion to this increase, chitinase activity appeared to be excreted into the culture medium. The intracellular activity of fl-1,3-glucanase, assayed fluorimetrically with laminarin as the substrate, was only slightly enhanced. Dose-response experiments with BAS 111..W showed that the onset of the induction of chitinase activity coincided with an inhibition of ethylene formation and an accumulation of endogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) as a result of blocking the conversion of ACC to ethylene. Other nitrogen-heterocyclic growth retardants (e.g. tetcyclacis, ancymidol), the triazole-type fungicide BAS 480..F, salicylic acid, CoC12 and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, which also increased the ACC/ethylene ratio, similarly induced chitinase activity. In contrast, aminoethoxy vinylglycine, which simultaneously lowered endogenous ACC and ethylene formation, did not stimulate chitinase activity. However, after addition of BAS 1 ll..W and ACC, an accumulation of endogenous ACC was accompanied by a strong induction of the enzymatic activity. This effect did not correlate with changes in the cell culture growth nor in the cellular contents of immunoreactive abscisic acid, 3-indoleacetic acid, gibberellins or cytokinins. Furthermore, ethephon, which chemically generates ethylene, led to a slight reduction in ACC levels and tended to decrease chitinase activity relative to the control. In conclusion, it is hypothesized that the induction of chitinase activity in sunflower cell suspensions is antagonistically regulated by ethylene and ACC. At least at higher production rates, ethylene appears to funcAbbreviations: ACC = 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid; AVG = aminoethoxyvinylglycine; 2,4-D = 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; MACC=N-malonyl-l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid Correspondence to: F. Siefert; FAX: 49 (6236) 682176 tion as an inhibiting factor whereas ACC may be a promoting one. The stimulation of chitinase and fl-l,3-glucanase activity, caused by the retardant BAS 111..W and the fungicide BAS 480..F, is discussed as an additional effect of both compounds which possibly leads to an increased resistance of plants to fungal infections.

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Paclobutrazol and other plant growth‐retarding chemicals increase resistance of melon seedlings to fusarium wilt

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT AND PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SEED GERMINATION, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng')

EFFECTS OF BLUE LIGHT AND PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SEED GERMINATION, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L. 'Cempo Ireng')

Auxin-Induced Resistance to Common Scab Disease of Potato Linked to Inhibition of Thaxtomin A Toxicity

Are ethylene and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid involved in the induction of chitinase and ?-1,3-glucanase activity in sunflower cell-suspension cultures?

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