Package Laserdemog

Lesnoff, Matthieu; Lancelot, Renaud; Moulin, Charles‐Henri; Messad, Samir; Juanes, Xavier; Sahut, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9026-0_5

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The final, reduced models are reported below and the full models including all terms are included in the Additional file 1 : Table S2. The morphotype richness data were not overdispersed (goodness of fit tested in R package aods3 [ 81 ]) or zero-inflated (tested with likelihood ratio tests using R package glmmADMB [ 82 , 83 ]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray mouse lemur

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionImmunosenescence (deteriorating immune function at old age) affects humans and laboratory animals, but little is known about immunosenescence in natural populations despite its potential importance for population and disease dynamics and individual fitness. Although life histories and immune system profiles often differ between the sexes, sex-specific effects of aging on health are rarely studied in the wild. Life history theory predicts that due to their shorter lifespan and higher investment into reproduction at the expense of immune defences, males might experience accelerated immunosenescence. We tested this hypothesis by examining sex-specific age trajectories of endoparasite burden (helminth prevalence and morphotype richness measured via fecal egg counts), an indicator of overall health, in wild gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus). To account for potential interactions between seasonality and host sex or age we examined the predictors of parasite burdens separately for the dry and rainy season.ResultsContrary to the prediction of immunosenescence, parasite prevalence and morphotype richness decreased at old age in the dry season, indicating acquired immunity by older animals. This pattern was primarily caused by within-individual decline in parasite loads rather than the earlier mortality of highly parasitized individuals. With the exception of an increasing cestode prevalence in males from yearlings to prime age in the rainy season, no evidence was found of male-biased ageing in parasite resistance. Besides this sex*age interaction, host age was uncorrelated with rainy season parasite loads. Seasonality did not affect the overall parasite loads but seasonal patterns were found in the predictors of parasite prevalence and morphotype richness.ConclusionsThese results provide rare information about the age-related patterns of health in a wild vertebrate population and suggest improvement rather than senescence in the ability to resist helminth infections at old age. Overall, males appear not to suffer from earlier immunosenescence relative to females. This may partially reflect the earlier mortality of males, which can render senescence difficult to detect. While helminth infections are not strongly associated with survival in wild gray mouse lemurs, parasite load may, however, reflect overall good phenotypic quality of long-lived individuals, and is a potential correlate of fitness.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0118-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray mouse lemur

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Death hazard rate was used as the response variable; anabasine treatment, infection, and their interaction were used as predictor variables; colony and block were included as random factors. Statistical significance of main effects and the interaction term were tested using Wald χ 2 tests [ 55 ]. For the analyses of survival and C .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Dose-Dependent Effects of the Nectar Alkaloid Anabasine on Trypanosome Parasite Loads in Adult Bumble Bees

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of consuming biologically active compounds is often dose-dependent, where small quantities can be medicinal while larger doses are toxic. The consumption of plant secondary compounds can be toxic to herbivores in large doses, but can also improve survival in parasitized herbivores. In addition, recent studies have found that consuming nectar secondary compounds may decrease parasite loads in pollinators. However, the effect of compound dose on bee survival and parasite loads has not been assessed. To determine how secondary compound consumption affects survival and pathogen load in Bombus impatiens, we manipulated the presence of a common gut parasite, Crithidia bombi, and dietary concentration of anabasine, a nectar alkaloid produced by Nicotiana spp. using four concentrations naturally observed in floral nectar. We hypothesized that increased consumption of secondary compounds at concentrations found in nature would decrease survival of uninfected bees, but improve survival and ameliorate parasite loads in infected bees. We found medicinal effects of anabasine in infected bees; the high-anabasine diet decreased parasite loads and increased the probability of clearing the infection entirely. However, survival time was not affected by any level of anabasine concentration, or by interactive effects of anabasine concentration and infection. Crithidia infection reduced survival time by more than two days, but this effect was not significant. Our results support a medicinal role for anabasine at the highest concentration; moreover, we found no evidence for a survival-related cost of anabasine consumption across the concentration range found in nectar. Our results suggest that consuming anabasine at the higher levels of the natural range could reduce or clear pathogen loads without incurring costs for healthy bees.

show abstract

“…Significant differences between treatment means within each evaluation date were separated through Tukey's HSD test at 5% significance level. Beta‐binomial models were performed using the R package ‘aods3’ …”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel combination of a biosurfactant with entomopathogenic fungi enhances efficacy against Bemisia whitefly

Silva

Mascarin²,

Castro

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Microbial surfactants are multifunctional surface-active molecules that have been overlooked in formulating microbial biopesticides. We report a novel approach using the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (RML) against the destructive cosmopolitan insect pest Bemisia tabaci, as well as the combined action of RML with aerial conidia of two entomopathogenic fungi, Cordyceps javanica and Beauveria bassiana. RML was also tested as a suspension agent to improve the recovery rate of conidia from solid substrate for fungal preparations. RESULTS:The recovery rate of conidia increased dramatically (two to five times) with RML compared with a standard surfactant (Tween 80). Spraying solutions of 0.075% and 0.1% (w/v) RML on B. tabaci third instar nymphs induced 100% mortality within 4 days. Conidial suspensions at 5 × 10 6 conidia/mL amended with RML at 0.01% or 0.05% markedly increased nymphal mortalities and considerably reduced LC 50 . Conidial suspensions of B. bassiana with 0.05% RML added were more effective against whitefly nymphs (87.3% mortality) than C. javanica + RML (51.4% mortality). CONCLUSION:Our results show that this bacterium-based RML improved the recovery rate of hydrophobic conidia, and that mixtures of RML with fungal spore suspensions increased their insecticidal activity.

show abstract

Package Laserdemog

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray mouse lemur

Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray mouse lemur

Testing Dose-Dependent Effects of the Nectar Alkaloid Anabasine on Trypanosome Parasite Loads in Adult Bumble Bees

Novel combination of a biosurfactant with entomopathogenic fungi enhances efficacy against Bemisia whitefly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About