PACAP and PAC1 receptor in the reproductive cycle of male lizard Podarcis sicula

Rosati, Luciano; Prisco, Marina; Coraggio, F; Valiante, Salvatore; Scudiero, Rosaria; Laforgia, Vincenza; Andreuccetti, Piero; Agnese, Marisa

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.05.009

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Based on these data and results shown elsewhere (Agnese et al, 2014a,b,c;Rosati et al, 2014aRosati et al, ,b, 2015, we can conclude that P. sicula is an excellent model with which to study the mechanisms that control the activity of the vertebrate testis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Indeed, it is well known that P450 aromatase controls the synthesis of 17β-estradiol, one of the most relevant factors that locally controls spermatogenesis in non-mammalian (Cardone et al, 2002;Lance, 2009;Urbatzka et al, 2007;Burrone et al, 2012;Peñaranda et al, 2014;Delalande et al, 2015) and mammalian (O'Donnell et al, 2001;Carreau et al, 2007) vertebrates. In P. sicula, it is well known that high titres of 17β-estradiol are responsible for the spermatogenesis block (Angelini and Botte, 1992) and that 17β-estradiol production is under the control of VIP (Rosati et al, 2015) and PACAP , two neuropeptides involved in the control of lizard spermatogenesis (Agnese et al, 2010(Agnese et al, ,b,c, 2016Rosati et al, 2014aRosati et al, ,b, 2016. Now, we show that the expression profile of P450 aromatase mRNA and protein changes throughout the reproductive cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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P450 aromatase: a key enzyme in the spermatogenesis of the Italian wall lizard, Podarcis sicula

Rosati

Agnese

Fiore

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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P450 aromatase is a key enzyme in steroidogenesis involved in the conversion of testosterone into 17β-estradiol. We investigated the localization and the expression of P450 aromatase in Podarcis sicula testes during the different phases of the reproductive cycle: summer stasis (July-August), early autumnal resumption (September), middle autumnal resumption (October-November), winter stasis (December-February), spring resumption (March-April) and the reproductive period (May-June). Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that the P450 aromatase is always present in somatic and germ cells of P. sicula testis, particularly in spermatids and spermatozoa, except in early autumnal resumption, when P450 aromatase is evident only within Leydig cells. Using real-time PCR and semi-quantitative blot investigations, we also demonstrated that both mRNA and protein were expressed in all phases, with two peaks of expression occurring in summer and in winter stasis. These highest levels of P450 aromatase are in line with the increase of 17β-estradiol, responsible for the spermatogenesis block typical of this species. Differently, in autumnal resumption, the level of P450 aromatase dramatically decreased, along with 17β-estradiol levels, and testosterone titres increased, responsible for the subsequent renewal of spermatogenesis not followed by spermiation. In spring resumption and in the reproductive period we found intermediate P450 aromatase amounts, low levels of 17β-estradiol and the highest testosterone levels determining the resumption of spermatogenesis needed for reproduction. Our results, the first collected in a nonmammalian vertebrate, indicate a role of P450 aromatase in the control of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, particularly in spermiogenesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P450 aromatase: a key enzyme in the spermatogenesis of the Italian wall lizard, Podarcis sicula

Rosati

Agnese

Fiore

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…For each reproductive period, ovaries of three different animals were collected and total RNA extracted using TRI‐Reagent (Sigma‐Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) according to the manufacturer's instructions and was evaluated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. RNA concentration was measured by determination of absorbance at 260 nm as previously reported (Agnese, Rosati, Prisco, et al, ; Agnese, Rosati, Coraggio, Valiante, & Prisco, ; Coscia, Simoniello, Giacomelli, Oreste, & Motta, ; Rosati et al, ). The RNA was then reverse‐transcribed with QuantiTect Reverse Transcription kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of estrogen receptors during the Mytilus galloprovincialis ovarian cycle

Agnese¹,

Rosati

Prisco³

et al. 2019

J Exp Zool Pt A

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The aim of this paper is to assess, by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization, the expression of estrogen receptors ER1 and ER2 during the ovarian cycle of Mytilus galloprovincialis. By considering four phases of the reproductive cycle, that is stasis and previtellogenic stage (Stage 0), early vitellogenesis (Stage I), vitellogenesis (Stage II), full‐grown oocyte (Stage III), our investigation demonstrates that the two receptors are differently expressed during the phases investigated of the ovarian cycle: ER1 reaches the highest level at Stage III, whereas ER2 reaches the highest level at Stage II, with ER2 always present at higher levels than ER1. The stage‐dependent receptor expression was recorded within oocytes, follicle cells, and adipogranular cells. No ER1 and ER2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were found within vesicular cells. It is to be noted that the ER1 and ER2 expression within the growing oocytes, the follicular, and adipogranular cells overlaps with that of the mRNA for vitellogenin in the same cells, strongly suggesting that in Mytilus, as in vertebrates studied so far, the vitellogenin expression is under the control of estrogens.

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“…Moreover in the lizard, Podarcis sicula , more recently we have demonstrated a different localization of StAR, 3β‐HSD, 17β‐HSD, and 5α‐Red (Rosati, Santillo, et al, ) as well as a different expression and localization of P450 arom (Rosati, Agnese, et al, ), during spermatogenic cycle. This data suggested that, in P. sicula , the specific steroidogenic enzymes, together to other local factors as, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP; Rosati, Agnese, et al, ; Rosati et al, ) and vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP; Agnese, Rosati, Coraggio, Valiante, & Prisco et al, ; Agnese et al, ; Rosati, Andreuccetti, et al, ; Rosati et al, ), could control the lizard testis activity. Also in the birds, in particular in zebra finches, were investigated the expression of the sex steroid‐synthesizing enzymes CYP11A1, 3β‐HSD, CYP17, and CYP19 in gonads and adrenals of animal adults (Freking, Nazairians, & Schlinger, ); in the details the authors showed that the ovaries but not the testis may secrete estrogen developmentally and the adrenals may contribute precursors for gonadal steroidogensis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal expression and cellular distribution of star and steroidogenic enzymes in quail testis

et al. 2019

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The quail Coturnix coturnix is a seasonal breeder with a physiological switch on/off of gonadic activity. Photoperiod and temperature are the major environmental factors regulating the spermatogenesis. To more thoroughly comprehend the steroidogenic pathways that govern the seasonal reproductive cycle, we have investigated the localization of StAR protein and steroidogenic enzymes (3β‐HSD, 17β‐HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α‐Red) as well as androgen and estrogen levels, in the testis of reproductive and nonreproductive quails. We demonstrated that StAR, 3β‐HSD, 17β‐HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α‐Red were always present in the somatic (Leydig and Sertoli cells) and germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocytes I and II, spermatids, and spermatozoa). In addition, by western blot analysis, we demonstrated that 17β‐HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α‐Red showed the highest expression levels during the reproductive testis compared with nonreproductive one. Accordingly, we also found that during the reproductive phase the highest titres of testosterone, 17β‐estradiol, and 5α‐dihydrotestosterone are recorded. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that in C. coturnix: (a) both somatic and germ cells are involved in the local synthesis of sex hormones; (b) 17β‐HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α‐Red expressions, as well as testicular androgens and estrogens, increased in reproductive quail testis. This study strongly indicates that the steroidogenic process in quail testis exhibits seasonal changes with the promotion of both androgenic and estrogenic pathways in the reproductive period, suggesting their synergic mechanism in the spermatogenesis regulation.

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PACAP and PAC1 receptor in the reproductive cycle of male lizard Podarcis sicula

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

P450 aromatase: a key enzyme in the spermatogenesis of the Italian wall lizard, Podarcis sicula

P450 aromatase: a key enzyme in the spermatogenesis of the Italian wall lizard, Podarcis sicula

The expression of estrogen receptors during the Mytilus galloprovincialis ovarian cycle

Seasonal expression and cellular distribution of star and steroidogenic enzymes in quail testis

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