Paap and Noel revisited: Individual differences in independent word recognition tasks in relation to the dual-task paradigm

Hayes, Maureen; Masterson, Jackie

doi:10.1080/02724980143000460

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A summary of these is given in Table 4. Latencies associated with the following trials were excluded from PM's pre-intervention results: one because of a pronunciation error (caste), five because a naming response was not made, and two that fell over the 1400 ms cut-off used by Hayes and Masterson (2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dual task required the naming of 88 high and low frequency regular and irregular words from Hayes and Masterson (2002) while maintaining a memory load. The same apparatus and experimental programme were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stimuli were taken from Hayes and Masterson (2002) and were also used in the dual task paradigm described later. PM made no naming errors and her median latencies are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Experimental Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years a number of papers have been published using a dual task paradigm, and several of these have addressed the issue of individual differences in skilled adult reading processes (e.g., Bernstein & Carr, 1996;Hayes & Masterson, 2002;Pexman & Lupker, 1995). Paap and Noel (1991) were among the first to use a dual task paradigm, reporting that participants named low frequency irregular words faster under a concurrent high digit memory load than when naming under a low memory load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Codes for low frequency irregular words would reach the phonological buffer via the lexical route prior to any conflicting sublexical codes, thereby speeding naming due to "release from competition" of the lexical code in the phonological buffer (Bernstein & Carr, 1996). Hayes and Masterson (2002) tested adult skilled readers on a range of tasks designed to tap lexical and sublexical ability. They found that release from competition was only observed in intermediate skilled readers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Improvement in reading speed in an adult with developmental dyslexia of the “mixed” type

Hayes

Masterson

Roberts

2004

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Improvement in reading speed in an adult with developmental dyslexia of the “mixed” type

Hayes

Masterson

Roberts

2004

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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When underadditivity of factor effects in the Psychological Refractory Period paradigm implies a bottleneck: Evidence from psycholinguistics

Besner

Reynolds

O’Malley

2009

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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The Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) paradigm is a dual-task procedure that can be used to examine the resource demands of specific cognitive processes. Inferences about the underlying processes are typically based on performance in the second of two speeded tasks. If the effect of a factor manipulated in Task 2 decreases as the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between tasks decreases (underadditivity), the normative inference is that the effect of this factor occurs prior to a limited-capacity central processing mechanism. In contrast, if the effect of a factor is additive with SOA then the inference is that this indexes a process that either uses a limited-capacity central processing mechanism or occurs after some process that uses this mechanism. A heretofore unidentified exception to this logic arises when Task 2 involves two separate processes that operate in parallel, but compete. Interference with one process in Task 2 because of work on Task 1 will eliminate or reduce competition within Task 2 and is hence manifest as an underadditive interaction with decreasing SOA. This is illustrated here by reference to a PRP experiment in which the ubiquitous effect of spelling-to-sound regularity on reading aloud time is eliminated at a short SOA and by consideration of three converging lines of investigation in the PRP paradigm when Task 2 involves reading aloud.

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The Main Sources of Intersubject Variability in Neuronal Activation for Reading Aloud

Kherif

Josse²,

Seghier³

et al. 2009

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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The aim of this study was to find the most prominent source of intersubject variability in neuronal activation for reading familiar words aloud. To this end, we collected functional imaging data from a large sample of subjects (n = 76) with different demographic characteristics such as handedness, sex, and age, while reading. The subject-by-subject error variance was estimated from a one-sample t test (on all 76 subjects) and was reduced to a lower dimension using principal components decomposition. A Gaussian Mixture Model was then applied to dissociate different subgroups of subjects that explained the main sources of variability in the data. This resulted in the identification of four different subject groups. The comparison of these subgroups to the subjects' demographic details showed that age had a significant effect on the subject partitioning. In addition, a region-by-group dissociation in the dorsal and the ventral inferior frontal cortex was consistent with previously reported dissociations in semantic and nonsemantic reading strategies. In contrast to these significant findings, the groupings did not differentiate subjects on the basis of either sex or handedness, nor did they segregate the subjects with right-versus left-lateralized reading activation. We therefore conclude that, of the variables tested, age and reading strategy were the most prominent source of variability in activation for reading familiar words aloud.

show abstract

Paap and Noel revisited: Individual differences in independent word recognition tasks in relation to the dual-task paradigm

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Improvement in reading speed in an adult with developmental dyslexia of the “mixed” type

Improvement in reading speed in an adult with developmental dyslexia of the “mixed” type

When underadditivity of factor effects in the Psychological Refractory Period paradigm implies a bottleneck: Evidence from psycholinguistics

The Main Sources of Intersubject Variability in Neuronal Activation for Reading Aloud

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