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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAPs) due to endemic multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MR-PA) in a medical-surgical intensive care unit. A retrospective case-control study was carried out at a 15-bed medical-surgical in a Brazilian university-affiliated hospital. All patients who had VAPs caused by PA were included in the study. Univariate and mulvariate analyses were used to determine risk factors for PA-VAP. This organism was recovered from 38 patients and seventy eight controls (72) during the study. In multivariate analysis, previous colonization, tracheostomy and prior > three classes of antibiotics use were the only independent risk factors for PA-VAP. The hospital mortality rate of 62.10% (P<0.05) was higher in those patients with MR-PA VAP versus susceptible isolates (18.80%). Patients with tracheostomy previous colonization and >3 different classes of antibiotics ran a elevated risk of VAP and UTI-mortality was associated with MR PA.