p53 codon 72 polymorphism (C/G) and the risk of human papillomavirus‐associated carcinomas in China

Abstract

It is well known that pressure is an important parameter in the SCWO process, because it produces changes in the phase behavior and thermodynamics properties of the system. The influence of pressure on the oxidation efficiency of feeds containing isopropyl alcohol as fuel and acetic acid as waste was studied in an autothermal adiabatic transpiring wall reactor at pilot‐plant scale, at pressures from 13 to 25 Mpa, and temperatures from 600 to 750°C. It was found that reaction temperature decreased between 40 and 100°C, when pressure was lowered, and, subsequently TOC removal decreased. At higher‐temperatures, the decreasing of TOC removal due to pressure difference was reduced. The process was simulated at different pressures using a mathematical model previously developed for the reactor. The Anderko‐Pitzer EoS, especially developed for aqueous systems at high‐temperatures and pressures, was used to have accurate values of the heat capacities of the reaction mixture. It was found that having into account only the effect of pressure in the thermodynamical properties and in the concentration of the reagents, the experimental results could not be explained. Thus, the influence of the pressure in the reaction rate equation had to be considered. Results were qualitatively reproduced considering the reaction rate constant variable with pressure, using a constant volume of activation of −1400 cm3/mol. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006

p53 codon 72 polymorphism, loss of heterozygosity and high-risk human papillomavirus infection in a low-incidence German esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patient cohort

“…In addition, allelic variations in the coding region of p53 were also identified recently (3). The p53 codon Arg72 homozygous genotype is one of the high-risk genetic factors for HPVassociated ESCC among the Chinese population (13). In our study p53 codon 72 genotype distribution in ESCC patients was identical to healthy Caucasian control groups.…”

“…The HPV infection rates range from 21% to 75% (13,19). E6 from HPV 16 and 18 is more effective in degradation of p53 Arg72 than p53 Pro72 in vitro.…”

“…China. The p53 codon Arg72 homozygous genotype is one of the high-risk genetic factors for HPV associated ESCC among the Chinese population (13). Especially HPV 16 and 18 encode two major oncoproteins, E6 and E7, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by deactivating the p53 tumor suppressor (14).…”

601 p53 codon 72 polymorphism in basal cell carcinoma of skin

“…9 In this regard, a strong association of Arg72 homozygosity with HPV-induced cervical cancer has been suggested. [10][11][12][13] In addition, a selective retention of Arg72 alleles and a higher aggressiveness of Arg72-containing ovarian tumors have been shown. 14 However, the issue is still controversial in some other types of cancers and in some ethnic groups.…”

“…7 Therefore, the risk of p53 codon 72 polymorphism comes into existence when epigenetic factors such as UV radiation and HPV virus infection are taken into consideration. 11,13 This effect might be more important when recessive less functional p53 mutants are present in the tumor cells. 8 As it has been reported, presence of Arg72 in the mutant allele or preferential retention of Arg72 allele in the tumoral tissue (Arg bias) provides a selective growth advantage to tumor cells during the stage of tumorigenesis.…”