Abstract:Background:Background: The testis is the second most frequent (30%) non-hematological extramedullary site of relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated according to European protocols. Testicular relapses usually occur late (> 6 months after completion of frontline treatment), and boys with a ETV6::RUNX1 fusion gene positive ALL have a significantly higher risk of a testicular relapse. In adult ALL, only about 1% of patients have a testicular relapse. Event-free survival is between 40%-80%… Show more
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