P279 Ileo-caecal stenosis in Crohn's disease: correlation between imaging, biology and endoscopy : preliminary results of a prospective study

Abstract

Background Stenosis is the most common complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Imaging of the ileo-caecal junction is mainly based on endoscopy, ultrasound, CT-enteroclysis or entero-MRI. The aim was to evaluate the performance of digestive ultrasound in the monitoring of Crohn's disease.The purpose of this work is to show the performance of digestive ultrasound and fecal calprotectin in the monitoring of CD. We compared the results of digestive ultrasound, enteroscan or enteroIRM with endoscopy and biology Methods This is a prospective study including 42 patients, spanning between July 2021 and July 2022. Clinical, biological, radiological and endoscopic data were studied. Khi-2 test was used with a value of p<0.05 which was considered statistically significant. Results We included 42 patients in our study, divided into 18 men 24 women (sex ratio M/F is 0.75), mean age was 43.2 years, with a CD of L1 or L3 location, according to the Montreal classification were prospectively included. The main risk factor found was smoking in 61.9% of patients. The majority of patients (80.95%, n = 34) had koenig syndrome. All patients underwent digestive ultrasound, CT-enteroclysis and colonoscopy with an average delay of 15 days between the examinations. Digestive ultrasound showed intestinal thickening in 85.71% (n=36), of the small intestines in 57.14% of patients and localized at the terminal ileum (21.42%). Loss of stratification was found in 40.47% of patients, ileo-caecal stenosis in 57.14%, a directed fistula in 23.80% of patients, a deep collection in 28.57% (n=10). The CT-enteroclysis showed stenosing thickening of the ileo-caecal junction in 66.67% (n=28), a deep collection in 38.09%, a combed aspect of the mesentery in 33.33% and intestinal thickening associated with a fistulous path in 35.71%. Colonoscopy was performed with catheterisation of the last ileal loop in the majority of patients (73.80%, n=31). It showed ulcerations in 88.09% (70.5% deep and 17.6% superficial) and a stenosis that could not be crossed by the colonoscope in 40.47% (n=17). The mean level of faecal calprotectin was 532.5 with a standard deviation of 265.1 reflecting moderate to severe disease activity. There was a correlation between ultrasound and endoscopy in 71.4% of cases (n=30). There was significant correlation between endoscopic and ultrasound inflammatory activity (p=0.01) and between the location of intestinal thickening and ulcerations on endoscopy (p=0.01). Conclusion Ultrasound is non-radiating, reproducible and available, coupled with fecal calprotectin constitutes an accessible and easy monitoring tool. Our preliminary results are satisfactory and the study is still in progress to confirm the interest of ultrasound in the follow-up of patients with CD.