P2 Purinoceptors and Pyrimidinoceptors of Catecholamine‐Producing Cells and Immunocytes

Illéš, Peter; Nieber, K; Fröhlich, Rainer; Nörenberg, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/9780470514900.ch6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In the present study, P2X 1 , P2X 4 , and P2X 7 receptor subtypes were shown on the microglial cells in vivo and in vitro by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. These results were consistent with the previous pharmacological data that showed P2X 7 and possibly P2X 4 receptor subtypes on microglial cells (Ferrari et al, 1996;Haas et al, 1996;Illes et al, 1996;Chessell et al, 1997;Visentin, 1999). The P2X 1 receptor subtype has been demonstrated to be present on microglial cells in vitro and in vivo by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR, for the first time in our study.…”

Section: P2x Receptor Immunostaining Is Shown In Green Ed1-immunostasupporting

confidence: 95%

“…They are highly responsive to environmental stimuli, one of which may be extracellular ATP. Much pharmacological data has shown that microglial cells express P2X 7 receptors and possibly another P2X member, the P2X 4 receptor (Ferrari et al, 1996;Haas et al, 1996;Illes et al, 1996;Chessell et al, 1997;Visentin et al, 1999). In particular, studies carried out on mouse cell lines using intracellular Ca 21 recording (Ferrari et al, 1996) and patch-clamp methods (Chessell et al, 1997) emphasized the presence of P2Z/P2X 7 receptor channels, while patch-clamp studies on rat microglial cells concluded that the fast depolarizing response to ATP was due to P2X receptor channels (Illes et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Expression of P2X receptors on rat microglial cells during early development

Xiang

Burnstock

2005

Glia

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We have used single- and double-labeling immunfluorescence and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods to examine expression of P2X receptor subtypes on microglial cells of brain in late embryonic and postnatal rat, in the N9 microglial cell line and primary cultured microglial cells. P2X1, P2X4, and P2X7 receptors were shown on microglial cells from late embryonic day 16. Almost all the microglial cells that were positive for the marker ED1, expressed P2X1 and P2X4 receptors, whereas only about 30% of the cells with ED1-immunoreactivity were found to express the P2X7 receptor. Positive cells were localized mainly in the white matter and around ventricles. From postnatal day 7, many microglial cells with P2X4 receptor-immunoreactivity were seen around the blood vessels. At postnatal day 30, microglial cells with P2X1 receptor-immunoreactivity disappeared and the cells with P2X4 receptor-immunoreactivity were mainly localized around blood vessels and lining the subarachnoid space. From postnatal day 30, the microglial cells with P2X7 receptor-immunoreactivity were found to be distributed widely in the forebrain. Cells with P2X7 receptor-immunoreactivity from P30 were not labeled by ED1, but some were labeled by isolectin B4. The expression of P2X1, P2X4, and P2X7 receptor mRNA and protein on primary cultures of rat microglial cells and on the N9 microglial cell line was demonstrated with immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. This is the first report that the P2X1 receptor is expressed on microglial cells, at least in early development, before postnatal day 30.

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Section: P2x Receptor Immunostaining Is Shown In Green Ed1-immunostasupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Expression of P2X receptors on rat microglial cells during early development

Xiang

Burnstock

2005

Glia

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“…Under normal conditions, the concentration of ATP is at the micromolar level in extracellular fluid, but at the millimolar level in the cytoplasm. After brain injury, the damaged cells from the loci of traumatic brain injury, inflammation or ischemia release ATP and UTP to activate the microglial cells via P2 receptors (Illes et al, 1996). Recently, with a novel technique, time‐lapse two‐photon imaging of green fluorescent protein‐labeled microglia, Davalos et al (2005) demonstrated that the fine termini of microglial processes are highly dynamic in the intact mouse cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglial morphology and its transformation after challenge by extracellular ATP in vitro

et al. 2006

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The novel morphological characteristics of N9 microglial cells and primary cultured rat microglial cells were examined using the bitotin-IB4 and streptavidin-FITC system. Numerous fine, long processes of both microglial cell preparations formed a network, beginning after 30 min in culture. Dye coupling studies did not show communication between neighbouring cells via the processes in normal conditions. The network of microglial cell processes was well formed into a 'resting state' by 16-24 hr after re-plating. After being challenged by 3 mM ATP the microglial cells were activated, became amoeboid-like cells within 2 hr and finally floated in the culture medium. The complicated network of processes did not retract to the microglial cell body. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the majority of these floating cells were alive and could recover to the resting state after ATP was removed from the culture medium.

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