P2-130 Epidemiology of hypertension in an urban Sri Lankan population

Abstract

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention guidelines recommend lifetime risk stratification for primary prevention of CVD, but no such risk stratification has been performed in India to date. Methods We estimated short-term and lifetime predicted CVD risk among 10 054 disease free, adult Indians in the age group of 20-69 years who participated in a nationwide risk factor surveillance study. The study population was then stratified into high shortterm ($10% 10-year risk or diabetes), low short-term (<10%)/high lifetime and low short-term/low lifetime CVD risk groups. Results The mean age (SD) of the study population (men¼63%) was 40.8+10.9 years. High short-term risk for coronary heart disease was prevalent in more than one fifth of the population (23.5%, 95% CI 22.7 to 24.4). Nearly half of individuals with low short-term predicted risk (48.2%, 95% CI 47.1 to 49.3) had a high predicted lifetime risk for CVD. While the proportion of individuals with all optimal risk factors was 15.3% (95% CI 14.6 to 16.0), it was 20.6% (95% CI 18.7 to 22.6) and 8.8% (95% CI 7.7 to 10.5) in the highest and lowest educational groups, respectively. Conclusion Approximately 1 in 2 men and 3 in 4 women in India had low short-term predicted risks for CVD in this national study, based on aggregate risk factor burden. However, 2 in 3 men and 1 in 2 women had high lifetime predicted risks for CVD, highlighting a key limitation of short-term risk stratification. Background Women who have higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in early pregnancy are more prone to develop pregnancy complications such as hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia. These complications contribute significantly to morbidity, stillbirth and neonatal mortality. Objective To evaluate the effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) on first trimester SBP, DBP and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Methods 118 pregnant women between 20 and 40 years of age, up to 13 weeks and free from chronic or infectious diseases were investigated. SBP and DBP were obtained with automatic arm sphygmomanometer (Omron) and MAP was calculated as (SBP +DBP32)/3. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, correlation and multivariate linear regression. Adjustments were made for age, skin colour, parity and smoking. Results Women were 26.364.9 years of age, had 8.762.7 years of schooling, per-capita income (US$) of 291.26166.4 and pre-pregnancy BMI of 25.665.1 kg/m 2 . There was a moderate positive correlation between pre-pregnancy BMI and SBP (r¼0.52; p<0.001), DBP (r¼0.33; p<0.001) and MAP (r¼0.44; p<0.001). Mean MAP (mm Hg) increased with BMI categories (underweight¼76.5; normal weight¼77.4; overweight¼82.9 and obesity¼88.7, p<0.001) as did SBP (underweight¼100.3; normal weight¼105.8; overweight¼112.4 and obesity¼121.2, p<0.001) and DBP (underweight¼64.8; normal weight¼63.5; overweight¼68.3 and obesity¼72.6, p<0.001). Multivariate linear regression showed that an increase of 1.0 kg/m 2 in pre-pregnancy BMI raised SBP in 1.24 mm Hg (p<0.001) ...

Assessment of Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern of a Rural Adult Population in Dry Zone, Sri Lanka

“…The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension in our study population was 40.8%, which is higher than that of the urban Sri Lankan population (31.8%) [58]. Overall, the prevalence of hypertension was also higher compared to previous findings [58,59]. Only 16.7% of our study group were physically inactive, which is much less compared to the 38% prevalence of low PA among government officials in the Colombo district [60].…”

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“…Hypertension is the commonest risk factor for the most common cause of deaths in Sri Lanka; coronary heart disease, stroke, heart and renal failure. Nearly one-fifth to one-third of adult Sri Lankans have blood pressure levels that that are above normal and the prevalence is comparable to those in the developed countries 1,2,3 .…”

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