P11 
Correlation of headache and problems of vision with halitosis

Abstract

Objective Headaches are a common problem and may occur in response to several factors, e.g. high blood pressure, emotions, changes of atmospheric pressure. It is believed, that amines appearing due to halitosis may take part in this process. Different factors may cause problem of vision among humans. It is presumed that amines detected in halitosis chemically act on the neurological system. This process is sustained and the central nervous system is chemically intoxicated. Methods Eighty‐four patients suffering from halitosis and 40 healthy subjects aged 20–62 (avg. 39.7) participated in this study. Each subject completed a questionnaire and was then examined for organoleptic score, VSC by halimeter and evaluation of low molecular weight amines by ninhydrine colourimetric reaction. Halitosis was diagnosed if the average level of VSC as measured by the halimeter was >125 ppb and the organoleptic measurement using a 5‐point scale was >2. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon's and Chi square test. Results About 68% of respondents suffering from halitosis had problems with vision (P = 0.035). Headaches occurring among halitosis males were rare (20.0%), but were more common in females (43.0%). Differences in the incidence of headaches according to gender and diagnosis of halitosis were not statistically significant (P = 0.8). Conclusion Problems with vision are more common in patients with halitosis. Such problems may be caused by metabolites of low molecular weight amine compounds produced during halitosis, which chemically act on the central nervous system.

Removal of adhesively bonded all-ceramic restorations

“…Lasery o małej i średniej mocy wykorzystywane są do laseroterapii o działaniu przeciwbólowym i przeciwzapalnym. 32 20 Zaletą lasera Er:YAG jest to, iż ma on najmniejszy efekt termiczny dla otaczających tkanek ze względu na dobrą absorpcję jego promieniowania przez wodę. [33][34][35] Wynika to z tego, iż długość fali lasera Er:YAG o wartości 2,94 µm jest najbliższa szczytowi absorbcji wody, który występuje przy długości fali 3 µm.…”