p-Wave Reflection Imaging of Submerged Soil Models Using Ultrasound

Coe, Joseph T.; Brandenberg, Scott J.

doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000346

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…greater than 20 kHz) to image the vertical profile of a cast-in-steel-shell concrete pile. Coe and Brandenberg (2010) and Lee and Santamarina (2005) illustrated how ultrasonic P-waves could be utilized to generate high resolution images of complex laboratory soil models.…”

Section: P-wave Reflection Imagingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Use of P-Wave Reflection Imaging and Other Nondestructive Testing Techniques to Evaluate Unknown Bridge Foundations

Coe

Kermani

Nyquist

et al. 2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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Unknown bridge foundations present a unique challenge to Departments of Transportation (DOT) across the country since foundation characteristics are a necessary input to assess scour vulnerability and to develop appropriate scour countermeasures. A number of non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques have evolved over time to address this challenge and evaluate unknown foundation type and geometry. An ultrasonic P-wave reflection imaging system developed to characterize the depth profile of vertically embedded structural elements in soil is presented as a viable NDT method to assess unknown foundations. System components and data acquisition are briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of issues related to acquisition of P-waves in soils. The P-wave system was utilized in a field testing program to image the vertical profile of foundations at bridge sites in southeastern Pennsylvania. Characteristics of the foundations tested in the field and the site soil conditions are summarized. The final foundation depths were unknown to the research team at the sites, which resulted in a true blind study and simulated the unknown foundation problem. The ultrasound probe was lowered in a cased borehole alongside the foundation to generate and record p-wave signals. The resulting data was plotted to construct an image and predict foundation characteristics. Multiple NDT techniques including Parallel Seismic, Borehole Magnetic, and Borehole Radar were also performed at the sites in conjunction with the P-wave testing. The resulting data and interpretation of foundation characteristics are compared between all methods.

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Section: P-wave Reflection Imagingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Use of P-Wave Reflection Imaging and Other Nondestructive Testing Techniques to Evaluate Unknown Bridge Foundations

Coe

Kermani

Nyquist

et al. 2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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“…Measuring the soil's strength (undrained or drained), stiffness (modulus), and density are typical approaches. A more recent method measures the vibratory resonance frequency of a laboratory specimen to evaluate the stiffness and strength of the stabilised soil (Mamoon and Ahmad, 1990;Coe and Brandenberg, 2010;Verástegui-Flores et al, 2015;Lindh and Lemenkova, 2021b). A seismic testing procedure has been developed by the Swedish Institute of Standards (SIS, 2019) and applied for practical use in the Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardening Accelerators (X-Seed 100 BASF, PCC, LKD and SALT) as Strength-Enhancing Admixture Solutions for Soil Stabilization

Lindh

Lemenkova

2023

Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering

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This study is aimed at evaluating the strength of stabilised soil collected from the Port of Norvik, Stockholm, Sweden, where 350,000 m3 of clay had to be stabilized. The tests were performed in the laboratory of the Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI). The soil was stabilised by binder mixtures using Portland cement clinker (PCC) and lime and lime kiln dust (LKD). Accelerators (X-seed 100 BASF, PCC, LKD and salt) were added to the soil samples for quicker stabilization. The strength of the stabilised soil was assessed using resonance frequency measurements of seismic P-waves by an ICP accelerometer in order to estimate the shear strength of the soil and to evaluate the effects from the accelerators, binder ratios, and the curing temperature on the gains in stabilization and strength. Various proportions of the binders were tested, i.e.: 50/50 cement/lime and 50/50 PCC/lime. The temperature was measured using a calorimeter in double experiments. The results showed that the accelerators improve the strength in the stabilized specimens and enhance the soil performance for engineering construction work.

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“…This brief discussion underlines the need for other complementary NDT techniques that can address such existing limitations. The application of high frequency stress waves (Lee and Santamarina, 2005;Coe and Brandenberg, 2010) in geotechnical engineering, despite some limitations (Coe and Brandenberg, 2012), has been shown to be a promising tool that may be adaptable to address the aforementioned issues regarding in situ evaluate of in-service foundations. This paper examines an ultrasonic borehole probe that was developed to image the outer circumference of deep foundations for the purposes of in situ foundation inspection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Efforts to Develop a Borehole Nondestructive Testing System to Inspect in Situ Foundation Elements

Kordjazi

Coe

2018

Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2018

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A nondestructive testing system was developed to evaluate foundations embedded in the subsurface. The system functions by generating elastic stress waves as it is lowered in a borehole alongside the foundation. Reflections from the foundation element are recorded and plotted to develop a high resolution image. The system is intended for inspection purposes of in-service foundation elements, particularly deep foundations for critical infrastructure. In this study, a large soil model was developed with a reduced-scale deep foundation element embedded within the model subsurface so that system performance could be evaluated. The foundation element features several anomalies, which replicate issues with foundation integrity in the field. The system was capable of differentiating between competent and anomalous sections of the foundation element. A summary of hardware components, system operation, and soil model construction/geometry is presented as well as the results from laboratory testing.

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p-Wave Reflection Imaging of Submerged Soil Models Using Ultrasound

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Use of P-Wave Reflection Imaging and Other Nondestructive Testing Techniques to Evaluate Unknown Bridge Foundations

Use of P-Wave Reflection Imaging and Other Nondestructive Testing Techniques to Evaluate Unknown Bridge Foundations

Hardening Accelerators (X-Seed 100 BASF, PCC, LKD and SALT) as Strength-Enhancing Admixture Solutions for Soil Stabilization

Laboratory Efforts to Develop a Borehole Nondestructive Testing System to Inspect in Situ Foundation Elements

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