P(NIPAAM-co-HEMA) thermoresponsive hydrogels: an alternative approach for muscle cell sheet engineering

Abstract

Loss of skeletal muscle tissue caused by traumatic injury or damage due to myopathies produces a deficit of muscle function for which there is still no clinical treatment. Transplantation of myogenic cells, themselves or combined with materials, has been proposed to increase the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle but it is hampered by many limitations, such as low cell survival and engraftment or immunological reaction and low biocompatibility of the exogenous materials. Recently, myoblast sheet engineering, obtained with thermoresponsive culture dishes, has attracted attention as a new technique for muscle damage treatment. For this purpose, a series of thermoresponsive hydrogels, constituted by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) [p(NIPAAM-co-HEMA)] were synthesized by a simple and inexpensive free-radical polymerization of the two co-monomers with a redox initiator. Different ratios of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) have been examined to evaluate the effects on physicochemical, mechanical and optical hydrogel properties. The murine muscle cell line C C has been exploited to test the cytotoxicity of the thermoresponsive hydrogels, depending on different synthesis conditions. In this study, we have identified a thermoresponsive hydrogel that allows cell adhesion and viability, together with the detachment of viable sheet of muscle cells, giving the chance to develop further applications for muscle damage and disease. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

BCLA CLEAR – Contact lens technologies of the future

“…The opposite effect is observed for upper critical solution temperature, whereby cooling the temperature results in phase separation [361]. The majority of thermo-responsive polymers are lower critical solution temperature-types, one of the most popular being derivatives of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), which can be copolymerised with polymers such as HEMA and readily adapted into contact lens-viable materials [362][363][364][365][366].…”

Hydrogels for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

“…Examples of (b) a round cell or (c) ones with projections are their tunable degradation and mechanical properties, ease of manufacturing and functionality, high availability, lower cost. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), acrylic acid (AA), and polyacrylamide (PAAm) have all been investigated [22,23,27,[46][47][48][49].…”

“…Hydrogels are a soft biomaterial characterized by high water content, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ability to release drugs [10,[17][18][19]. Their mechanical properties are tunable due to the amount of chemical, temperature, or photocrosslinking [17,[20][21][22][23]. By tuning the hydrogel's mechanical properties such as elastic modulus to be similar to those of native skeletal muscle, it can aid in mature skeletal muscle development.…”

Fluctuation In the Phase Transition Temperature of Poly (NIPAAm-co-HEMA-co-DMAMVA)-Post-guanine Affected by Hydrophilic/hydrophobic Interaction: Fabrication and Characterizations

“…The copolymerization of PNIPAAm with PHEMA was used to achieve hydrophilic-thermo-responsive functional and material, as discussed in many kinds of research [51][52][53]. This study has also been developed to study the uctuation in the phase separation temperature or LCST of PNIPAAm as in uenced via the terpolymerization with the new pH-monomer contains a hydrophilic tertiary amino group with hydrophobic chain and hydrophilic HEMA.…”