P.2.105 Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole versus perphenazine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Perphenazine for schizophrenia

“…Only 11 studies described the diagnostic criteria used: Hoyberg 1993 used the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders, Third edition, Revised (DSM-III-R), and four studies (CATIE 2005;Kane 2003;Naukkarinen 2000;Wang 2008b) used the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Eckmann 1984 used the International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) criteria; Lepola 1989 used Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) criteria and four Chinese studies used Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD) criteria, including CCMD-2-R (Sun 2000) and CCMD-3 (Wang 2008a;Wang 2008c;Zhang 2010).…”

“…The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is one of the most widely used rating scales to monitor the general mental state of those with schizophrenia, but only Hoyberg 1993;Lepola 1989;Naukkarinen 2000;Sun 2000;Wang 2008c; Zhang 2010 provided usable data. Hoyberg 1993; Kane 2003;Naukkarinen 2000;Wang 2008a; Wang 2008b; Zhang 2010 were the only studies that used the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) to evaluate symptoms. Behavioural changes were assessed in the three studies by Itoh (Itoh 1969;Itoh 1969 II;Itoh 1969 III) using the 'Behaviour Scale', a Japanese scale about which we were not able to obtain further information.…”

“…A seven-point scoring system is usually used with low scores indicating decreased severity and/or greater recovery. Only one included study provided continuous data using this scale (Kane 2003).…”

“…A low score indicates low levels of symptoms. Three included studies reported dichotomised data using this scale (Hoyberg 1993;Wang 2008a;Wang 2008b); three studies reported continuous data using this scale (Hoyberg 1993;Wang 2008b;Zhang 2010); and two studies reported skew data using this scale (Kane 2003;Naukkarinen 2000).…”

“…How blindness was assured in this one study is unclear, with possible single-blinding implied, and therefore rated as a 'high' risk of bias. Ten studies were rated as a 'low' risk of bias for providing adequate information as to blinding with most studies using capsules identical in appearance to assist in maintaining blindness (Amakusa 1973;CATIE 2005;Chouinard 1977;Collins 1967;Dehnel 1968;Itoh 1969;Kane 2003;Naukkarinen 2000;Takahashi 1982;Van Praag 1976), with the remaining studies rated as 'unclear.…”