Ozone vegetation damage effects on gross primary productivity in the United States

Yue, Xu; Unger, Nadine

doi:10.5194/acp-14-9137-2014

Cited by 93 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…They find the effect to be largest (and positive) at noontime under cloudless conditions, but less over croplands than over forests due to a lower leaf area index (LAI) in these regions. Previous studies have also looked at how ozone and/or PM impact natural vegetation and the carbon cycle, often by incorporating more advanced canopy or leaf-scale process modeling (Strada and Unger, 2016;Yue et al, 2017;Yue and Unger, 2014). Our study is the first to contrast the large-scale impact of ozone and PM on global managed vegetation (crops).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Particulate matter air pollution may offset ozone damage to global crop production

Schiferl

Heald

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Ensuring global food security requires a comprehensive understanding of environmental pressures on food production, including the impacts of air quality. Surface ozone damages plants and decreases crop production; this effect has been extensively studied. In contrast, the presence of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere can be beneficial to crops given that enhanced light scattering leads to a more even and efficient distribution of photons which can outweigh total incoming radiation loss. This study quantifies the impacts of ozone and PM on the global production of maize, rice, and wheat in 2010 and 2050. We show that accounting for the growing season of these crops is an important factor in determining their air pollution exposure. We find that the effect of PM can offset much, if not all, of the reduction in yield associated with ozone damage. Assuming maximum sensitivity to PM, the current (2010) global net impact of air quality on crop production varies by crop (+5.6, −3.7, and +4.5 % for maize, wheat, and rice, respectively). Future emissions scenarios indicate that attempts to improve air quality can result in a net negative effect on crop production in areas dominated by the PM effect. However, we caution that the uncertainty in this assessment is large, due to the uncertainty associated with crop response to changes in diffuse radiation; this highlights that a more detailed physiological study of this response for common cultivars is crucial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Particulate matter air pollution may offset ozone damage to global crop production

Schiferl

Heald

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Global modelling results show that China, India and the United States are currently by far the most affected countries, bearing more than half of all global losses and threatened areas from ozone crop exposure (Teixeira et al, 2011;Sinha et al, 2015). In the USA, recent work by Yue and Unger has shown that O 3 damage decreases GPP (gross primary productivity) by 4-8 % on average in the eastern USA and leads to significant decreases of 11-17 % in east coast hotspots (Yue and Unger, 2014). Research in China has looked at the ozone exposure for rice regions, finding that regions along the Yangtze and South China regions had the highest risks in 2000, and these risks will double or triple by 2020 (Tang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as well as being an important greenhouse gas. It is not emitted into the atmosphere but is a byproduct of the very oxidation chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort is focused on the reduction of surface levels of ozone owing to its health and vegetation impacts, but recent efforts to achieve reductions in exposure at a country scale have proved difficult to achieve owing to increases in background ozone at the zonal hemispheric scale. There is also a growing realisation that the role of ozone as a short-lived climate pollutant could be important in integrated air quality climate change mitigation. This review examines current understanding of the processes regulating tropospheric ozone at global to local scales from both measurements and models. It takes the view that knowledge across the scales is important for dealing with air quality and climate change in a synergistic manner. The review shows that there remain a number of clear challenges for ozone such as explaining surface trends, incorporating new chemical understanding, ozone-climate coupling, and a better assessment of impacts. There is a clear and present need to treat ozone across the range of scales, a transboundary issue, but with an emphasis on the hemispheric scales. New observational opportunities are offered both by satellites and small sensors that bridge the scales.

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“…Tang et al, 2013) and the USA (e.g. Fishman et al, 2010;Yue and Unger, 2014). To date, studies that report observed ozone values tend to be based on local sites (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Present-day tropospheric ozone distribution and trends relevant to vegetation

Mills

Pleijel

Malley

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

269

182

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This Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) on the current state of knowledge of ozone metrics of relevance to vegetation (TOAR-Vegetation) reports on present-day global distribution of ozone at over 3300 vegetated sites and the long-term trends at nearly 1200 sites.TOAR-Vegetationfocusses on three metrics over vegetation-relevant time-periods across major world climatic zones: M12, the mean ozone during 08:00–19:59; AOT40, the accumulation of hourly mean ozone values over 40 ppb during daylight hours, and W126 with stronger weighting to higher hourly mean values, accumulated during 08:00–19:59.Although the density of measurement stations is highly variable across regions, in general, the highest ozone values (mean, 2010–14) are in mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere, including southern USA, the Mediterranean basin, northern India, north, north-west and east China, the Republic of Korea and Japan. The lowest metric values reported are in Australia, New Zealand, southern parts of South America and some northern parts of Europe, Canada and the USA. Regional-scale assessments showed, for example, significantly higher AOT40 and W126 values in East Asia (EAS) than Europe (EUR) in wheat growing areas (p< 0.05), but not in rice growing areas. In NAM, the dominant trend during 1995–2014 was a significant decrease in ozone, whilst in EUR it was no change and in EAS it was a significant increase.TOAR-Vegetation provides recommendations to facilitate a more complete global assessment of ozone impacts on vegetation in the future, including: an increase in monitoring of ozone and collation of field evidence of the damaging effects on vegetation; an investigation of the effects on peri-urban agriculture and in mountain/upland areas; inclusion of additional pollutant, meteorological and inlet height data in the TOAR dataset; where not already in existence, establishing new region-specific thresholds for vegetation damage and an innovative integration of observations and modelling including stomatal uptake of the pollutant.

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Ozone vegetation damage effects on gross primary productivity in the United States

Cited by 93 publications

References 62 publications

Particulate matter air pollution may offset ozone damage to global crop production

Particulate matter air pollution may offset ozone damage to global crop production

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Present-day tropospheric ozone distribution and trends relevant to vegetation

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